Cytokines and Chemokines Flashcards
what are the main families of cytokines
interferons
tumour necrosis factor
colony stimulating factor
interleukins
what do interleukins do
regulating communication between white blood cells
what do th1cytokine responses involve
- promote cellular immunity against viruses and intracellular bacteria
- activate CD8+ cells and NKCs to destroy the infected cells
- activate macrophages to kill ingested pathogens
which cytokines are involved in th1 immune responses
interleukin 2 and 12
TNF 1
LT alpha and beta
what does interleukin 2 do
critical for t cell survival, proliferation and differentiation
function of IL-12
activates natural killer cells which kill viral infected cells and help polarise t cells to become th1 to aid in the immune response
function of TNF-1
cause cell death
has broad pro inflammatory effects
what do LT alpha beta complexes do
kill chronically infected cells, lymphoid tissue development and macrophage activation
what does the th2 immune response do
activates humoral responses via antibodies
strong presence of eosinophils, basophils and mast cells
respond to parasites and promote wound healing and repair
allergies and asthma
what are the th2 cytokines
IL4
IL5
IL13
IL10
function of IL4
polarise t helper cells to promote mast cell growth and development
stimulate eosinophils and b cells
function of IL5/13
signal production of IgE antibodies
function of IL10
enhance b cell activation and production of antibodies
what drives the th17 immune response
helper t cells that secrete high levels of th17
describe the th17 response
controls fungal and extracellular bacteria as they recruit a strong neutrophil response
what can an overactive th17 response lead to
IBS
what cytokines are involved in th17 responses
IL27
IL22
IL23
what does IL27 do
increase the CXCL8 gradient for neutrophil attraction
what do t regulatory cells do
they dampen down immune responses to prevent excessive tissue damage and the risk of autoimmunity
what are the some t regulatory cytokines
IL10
TGF beta
function of TGF beta
promote healing and anti inflammation
promote t reg development
inhibit macrophages
main function of all chemokines
rearrange cytoskeleton and chemotaxis
meticulous organisation of lymph nodes from chemokine activity
what are the two families of chemokines
CC family and CXC family
what do CC chemokines do
induce migration of lymphocytes and monocytes
