Cytokines

Question 1

What cells secrete Interleukin (IL)- 1 ?

Answer 1

Monocytes
Macrophages
B cells
Dendritic cells
Endothelial cells

Question 2

What does IL-1 do on Th cells?

Answer 2

Costimulates activation

Question 3

What does IL-1 do on B cells?

Answer 3

Promotes maturation and clonal expansion

Question 4

What does IL-1 do on NK cells?

Answer 4

Enhances activity

Question 5

What does IL-1 do on endothelial cells?

Answer 5

Increases expression of ICAMs

Question 6

What does IL-1 do on macrophages and neutrophils?

Answer 6

Chemotactically attracts

Question 7

What does IL-1 do on hepatocytes?

Answer 7

Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins

Question 8

What does IL-1 do on hypothalamus?

Answer 8

Induces fever

Question 9

What cell secretes IL-2?

Answer 9

Th cells

Question 10

What does IL-2 do on antigen-primed Th and CTLs?

Answer 10

Induces proliferation and enhances activity

Question 11

What cells secrete IL-3?

Answer 11

Th cells

NK cells

Question 12

What does IL-3 do on hematopoietic cells (myeloid)?

Answer 12

Supports growth and differentiation

Question 13

What cells secrete IL-4?

Answer 13

Th2 cells

Question 14

What does IL-4 do on antigen-primed B cells?

Answer 14

Co-stimulates activation

Question 15

What does IL-4 do on activated B cells?

Answer 15

Stimulates proliferation and differentiation and induces class switch to IgE

Question 16

What cells secrete IL-5?

Answer 16

Th2 and mast cells

Question 17

What does IL-5 do on bone marrow cells?

Answer 17

Induces eosinophil differentiation

Question 18

What cells secrete IL-6?

Answer 18

Monocytes
Macrophages
Th2 cells
Bone marrow
Stromal cells

Question 19

What does IL-6 do on proliferating B cells?

Answer 19

Promotes terminal differentiation into plasma cells

Question 20

What does IL-6 do on plasma cells?

Answer 20

Stimulates antibody secretion

Question 21

What does IL-6 do on myeloid stem cells?

Answer 21

Helps promote differentiation

Question 22

What does IL-6 do on hepatocytes?

Answer 22

Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins

Question 23

What cells secrete IL-7?

Answer 23

Bone marrow and Thymic stromal cells

Question 24

What does IL-7 do on lymphoid stem cells?

Answer 24

Induces differentiation into progenitor B and T cells

Question 25

What cells secrete IL-8?

Answer 25

Macrophages and endothelial cells

Question 26

What does IL-8 do on neutrophils?

Answer 26

It is a chemokine. It induces adherence to endothelium and extravasation into tissues

Question 27

What cells secrete IL-10?

Answer 27

Th2 cells and Treg cells

Question 28

What does IL-10 do on macrophages?

Answer 28

Supresses cytokine production by Th1 cells

Question 29

What cells secrete IL-11?

Answer 29

Bone marrow stroma

Question 30

What does IL-11 do on bone marrow?

Answer 30

Increase platelet count

Question 31

What cells secrete IL-12?

Answer 31

Macrophages and B cells

Question 32

What does IL-12 do on activated CD8+ cells?

Answer 32

Acts synergistically with IL-2 to induce differentiation into CTLs

Question 33

What does IL-12 do on NK, LAK cells and activated Th1 cells?

Answer 33

Stimulates proliferation

Question 34

What cells secrete IL-13?

Answer 34

Th2 cell

Question 35

What does IL-13 do on B cells?

Answer 35

Induces isotype switch to IgE

Question 36

What cells secrete IL-17?

Answer 36

Th17 cells

Question 37

What does IL-17 do on fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages?

Answer 37

Increases inflammation | Attracts PMNs, induces IL-6, IL-1, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha and IL-8.

Question 38

What cells secrete IL-18?

Answer 38

Macrophages

Question 39

What does IL-18 do?

Answer 39

Acts on NK cells, Th cells and IFN-gamma synthesis

Question 40

What cells secrete interferon-alpha?

Answer 40

Leukocytes

Question 41

What does interferon-alpha do on uninfected cells?

Answer 41

Inhibits viral replication

Question 42

What cells secrete IL-22?

Answer 42

Th17

Question 43

What does IL-22 do on endothelium?

Answer 43

Stabilizes endothelial barrier and induces secretion of microbials

Question 44

What cells secrete interferon-beta?

Answer 44

Fibroblasts

Question 45

What does inferferon-beta do on uninfected cells?

Answer 45

Inhibits viral replication

Question 46

What cells secrete interferon-gamma?

Answer 46

Th1, CTLs and NK cells

Question 47

What does interferon-gamma do on macrophages?

Answer 47

Enhances activity

Question 48

What does interferon-gamma do many cells?

Answer 48

Increases expression of classes I and II MHC

Question 49

What does interferon-gamma proliferating B cells?

Answer 49

Induces class switch to IgG2a and blocks IL-4 induced class switch to IgE and IgG1

Question 50

What does interferon-gamma do on Th2 cells?

Answer 50

Inhibits proliferation

Question 51

What does interferon-gamma do on phagocytic cells?

Answer 51

Mediates effects important in DTH and treatment for CGD

Question 52

What cells secrete transforming growth factor-beta?

Answer 52

Platelets, macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells

Question 53

What does transforming growth factor-beta do on proliferating B cells?

Answer 53

Induces class switch to IgA

Question 54

What cells secrete tumor necrosis factor-alpha?

Answer 54

Macrophages and NK cells

Question 55

What does tumor necrosis factor-alpha do on tumor cells?

Answer 55

Has cytotoxic effects

Question 56

What does tumor necrosis factor-alpha do on inflammatory cells?

Answer 56

Induces cytokine secretion and causes cachexia or chronic inflammation

Question 57

What cells secrete tumor necrosis factor-beta?

Answer 57

Th1 and CTL

Question 58

What does tumor necrosis factor-beta do on tumor cells?

Answer 58

Has cytotoxic and other effects like TNF-alpha

Question 59

What does tumor necrosis factor-beta do on macrophages and neutrophils?

Answer 59

Enhances phagocytic activity