Cytokines Flashcards
What cells secrete Interleukin (IL)- 1 ?
Monocytes Macrophages B cells Dendritic cells Endothelial cells
What does IL-1 do on Th cells?
Costimulates activation
What does IL-1 do on B cells?
Promotes maturation and clonal expansion
What does IL-1 do on NK cells?
Enhances activity
What does IL-1 do on endothelial cells?
Increases expression of ICAMs
What does IL-1 do on macrophages and neutrophils?
Chemotactically attracts
What does IL-1 do on hepatocytes?
Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins
What does IL-1 do on hypothalamus?
Induces fever
What cell secretes IL-2?
Th cells
What does IL-2 do on antigen-primed Th and CTLs?
Induces proliferation and enhances activity
What cells secrete IL-3?
Th cells
NK cells
What does IL-3 do on hematopoietic cells (myeloid)?
Supports growth and differentiation
What cells secrete IL-4?
Th2 cells
What does IL-4 do on antigen-primed B cells?
Co-stimulates activation
What does IL-4 do on activated B cells?
Stimulates proliferation and differentiation and induces class switch to IgE
What cells secrete IL-5?
Th2 and mast cells
What does IL-5 do on bone marrow cells?
Induces eosinophil differentiation
What cells secrete IL-6?
Monocytes Macrophages Th2 cells Bone marrow Stromal cells
What does IL-6 do on proliferating B cells?
Promotes terminal differentiation into plasma cells
What does IL-6 do on plasma cells?
Stimulates antibody secretion
What does IL-6 do on myeloid stem cells?
Helps promote differentiation
What does IL-6 do on hepatocytes?
Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins
What cells secrete IL-7?
Bone marrow and Thymic stromal cells
What does IL-7 do on lymphoid stem cells?
Induces differentiation into progenitor B and T cells
What cells secrete IL-8?
Macrophages and endothelial cells
What does IL-8 do on neutrophils?
It is a chemokine. It induces adherence to endothelium and extravasation into tissues
What cells secrete IL-10?
Th2 cells and Treg cells
What does IL-10 do on macrophages?
Supresses cytokine production by Th1 cells
What cells secrete IL-11?
Bone marrow stroma
What does IL-11 do on bone marrow?
Increase platelet count
What cells secrete IL-12?
Macrophages and B cells
What does IL-12 do on activated CD8+ cells?
Acts synergistically with IL-2 to induce differentiation into CTLs
What does IL-12 do on NK, LAK cells and activated Th1 cells?
Stimulates proliferation
What cells secrete IL-13?
Th2 cell
What does IL-13 do on B cells?
Induces isotype switch to IgE
What cells secrete IL-17?
Th17 cells
What does IL-17 do on fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages?
Increases inflammation
Attracts PMNs, induces IL-6, IL-1, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha and IL-8.
What cells secrete IL-18?
Macrophages
What does IL-18 do?
Acts on NK cells, Th cells and IFN-gamma synthesis
What cells secrete interferon-alpha?
Leukocytes
What does interferon-alpha do on uninfected cells?
Inhibits viral replication
What cells secrete IL-22?
Th17
What does IL-22 do on endothelium?
Stabilizes endothelial barrier and induces secretion of microbials
What cells secrete interferon-beta?
Fibroblasts
What does inferferon-beta do on uninfected cells?
Inhibits viral replication
What cells secrete interferon-gamma?
Th1, CTLs and NK cells
What does interferon-gamma do on macrophages?
Enhances activity
What does interferon-gamma do many cells?
Increases expression of classes I and II MHC
What does interferon-gamma proliferating B cells?
Induces class switch to IgG2a and blocks IL-4 induced class switch to IgE and IgG1
What does interferon-gamma do on Th2 cells?
Inhibits proliferation
What does interferon-gamma do on phagocytic cells?
Mediates effects important in DTH and treatment for CGD
What cells secrete transforming growth factor-beta?
Platelets, macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells
What does transforming growth factor-beta do on proliferating B cells?
Induces class switch to IgA
What cells secrete tumor necrosis factor-alpha?
Macrophages and NK cells
What does tumor necrosis factor-alpha do on tumor cells?
Has cytotoxic effects
What does tumor necrosis factor-alpha do on inflammatory cells?
Induces cytokine secretion and causes cachexia or chronic inflammation
What cells secrete tumor necrosis factor-beta?
Th1 and CTL
What does tumor necrosis factor-beta do on tumor cells?
Has cytotoxic and other effects like TNF-alpha
What does tumor necrosis factor-beta do on macrophages and neutrophils?
Enhances phagocytic activity
