Cytokines Flashcards
Major Proinflammatory Cytokines
- TNF-a
- IL-6
- IL-1
TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1
Macrophage
- Inducing fever
- Liver synthesis of acute phase proteins (MBP, CRP)
- Endothelial activation (coagulation, inflammation)
- Activation of NK cells
- Complement activation (via MBP + CRP)
IL-8
Macrophage
- Neutrophil - chemoattractant/activation
- Endothelial cell activation
IL-12
Macrophage
- T-Cells: Promotes Th1 pathway
- NK cell: activation and IFN gamma synthesis
IFN-Gamma (Type II IFN)
NK Cells/T Cells
- Crucial to macrophage activation
- NK Cell: activation and enhanced activity
- Increased expression MHC I and II
- B cell: class switching
- T cell: Th1 pathway/inhibits Th2
IFN Alpha/Beta (Type I IFN)
Produced by virally infected cells
Induced by presence of viral nucleic acids (PRRs recognize) Important antiviral functions -promotes viral genome degradation -inhibits viral protein synthesis NK cell: activation Macrophage: activation
IL-10
- Inhibitory cytokine
- Inhibits macrophage activation/cytokine production
- Alter/inhibits T Cell functions
- Downregulates immune response (innate and adaptive)
- Activates Th2/Inhibits Th1
Transforming Growth Factor-B
TGF-B
- Inhibitory cytokine
- Inhibits macrophage activation/cytokine production
- Alter/inhibits T Cell functions
- Downregulates immune response (innate and adaptive)
G-CSF (Granulocyte)
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Induces development of neutrophils
IL-5
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Induces development of eosinophils
Erythropoietin (EPO)
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Induces development of erythrocytes
GM-CSF (Granulocyte, Monocyte)
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Induces development of Neutrophils and Macrophages
Use of G-CSF/GM-CSF in clinic
Stimulate production of neutrophils during acquired and congenital neutropenia
Colony Stimulating Factors (CSF) or
Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors (HCGF)
SCF, IL-3, IL1
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Proliferation and differentiation of primitive hematopoeitic cells during the early stage
IL-4
- Hematopoietic cytokine
- Induces basophil development
- Activates Th2 pathway
- Inhibits Th1 pathway