Cytokines Flashcards

1
Q

Major Proinflammatory Cytokines

A
  • TNF-a
  • IL-6
  • IL-1
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2
Q

TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1

Macrophage

A
  • Inducing fever
  • Liver synthesis of acute phase proteins (MBP, CRP)
  • Endothelial activation (coagulation, inflammation)
  • Activation of NK cells
  • Complement activation (via MBP + CRP)
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3
Q

IL-8

Macrophage

A
  • Neutrophil - chemoattractant/activation

- Endothelial cell activation

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4
Q

IL-12

Macrophage

A
  • T-Cells: Promotes Th1 pathway

- NK cell: activation and IFN gamma synthesis

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5
Q

IFN-Gamma (Type II IFN)

NK Cells/T Cells

A
  • Crucial to macrophage activation
  • NK Cell: activation and enhanced activity
  • Increased expression MHC I and II
  • B cell: class switching
  • T cell: Th1 pathway/inhibits Th2
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6
Q

IFN Alpha/Beta (Type I IFN)

Produced by virally infected cells

A
Induced by presence of viral nucleic acids (PRRs recognize)
Important antiviral functions
-promotes viral genome degradation
-inhibits viral protein synthesis
NK cell: activation
Macrophage: activation
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7
Q

IL-10

A
  • Inhibitory cytokine
  • Inhibits macrophage activation/cytokine production
  • Alter/inhibits T Cell functions
  • Downregulates immune response (innate and adaptive)
  • Activates Th2/Inhibits Th1
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8
Q

Transforming Growth Factor-B

TGF-B

A
  • Inhibitory cytokine
  • Inhibits macrophage activation/cytokine production
  • Alter/inhibits T Cell functions
  • Downregulates immune response (innate and adaptive)
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9
Q

G-CSF (Granulocyte)

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Induces development of neutrophils

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10
Q

IL-5

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Induces development of eosinophils

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11
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Induces development of erythrocytes

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12
Q

GM-CSF (Granulocyte, Monocyte)

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Induces development of Neutrophils and Macrophages

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13
Q

Use of G-CSF/GM-CSF in clinic

A

Stimulate production of neutrophils during acquired and congenital neutropenia

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14
Q

Colony Stimulating Factors (CSF) or
Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors (HCGF)
SCF, IL-3, IL1

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Proliferation and differentiation of primitive hematopoeitic cells during the early stage

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15
Q

IL-4

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine
  • Induces basophil development
  • Activates Th2 pathway
  • Inhibits Th1 pathway
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16
Q

IL-7

A
  • Hematopoietic cytokine

- Induces B/T Cell development

17
Q

IL-2

A
  • Produced by Th cells in response to TCR engagement
  • Phosphorylation cascade leads to IL-2 production and IL-2R-a upregulation
  • Leads to T-cell proliferation and increases effector activity of T-Cells in the body
18
Q

IL-17

A
  • Made by Th17 cells

- Neutrophil recruitment/fibroblast/epithelial cytokine production of