Cytokines Flashcards
what is the source of IL-3?
T cells
what is the target of IL-3?
Hematopoiesis: differentiates pluripotent stem cells into either
- myeloid progenitors
- lymphoid progenitors
what is the source of IL-5?
Mast cells + Th2
what is the target of IL-5?
Hematopoiesis: differentiates myeloid progenitors into eosinophils
chemotactic for eosinophils
recruits eosinophils to tissues
activates eosinophils
What is the source of IL-7?
bone marrow stromal cells
what is the target of IL-7?
Hematopoiesis: role in B and T cell differentiation in bone marrow and thymus
what is the source of GM-CSF?
macrophages
T cells
what is the target of GM-CSF
Hematopoiesis: differentiation of myeloid progenitor to GM-progenitor
mobilization and activation of dendritic cells
what is the source of G-CSF?
macrophages
what is the target of G-CSF?
Hematopoiesis: differentiation of GM progenitor to Granulocyte/Neutrophil
What is the source of M-CSF?
macrophages
what is the target of M-CSF?
Hematopoiesis: differentiation of GM progenitor to monocytes
what is the target of IL-1 and TNF?
- role in inflammation
- activate macrophages to secrete cytokines (IL-1, 6,12,TNF) and chemokines (IL-8 and MCP-1)
- activate endothelial cells = de novo expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, and enhanced expression of ICAM-2
- induce endothelial cells to secrete chemokines IL-8 and MCP-1
- IL-1 and TNF act on hypothalamus to induce fever and play a key role in lowering BP leading to shock
what is the target of IL-4?
- require to isotype switch to IgE
- down reg of Th1 cytokine production
- down reg. of iNOS
- shifts Th0 response to Th2 phenotype
what is the target of of IL-6?
- stimulus for secretion of CRP from hepatocytes
- when TGF beta, IL-6 are present = role in differentiation of ThP cells to Th17 cells
what is the target of IL-10?
- down reg IL-12 secretion by dendritic cells and macrophages = down reg of Th1 cytokines
- down reg iNOS
- inhibitory molecule
what is the target of IL-12?
- activates NK cells to secrete IFN y
* enhanced if IL-15 or IL-18 are present!
what is the target of IL-15?
- plays a role (along with IL-12) in inducing NK cells to secrete INF y
what is the target of IL-18?
- plays a role (with IL-12) in inducing NK cells to secrete IFN y
what is the target of IFN y?
- activate iNOS
- enhance activation of NADPH oxidase
- down reg production of Th2 cytokines
- critical for Th0 differentiation to Th1 phenotype
- along with IL-2, promotes pCTL to CTL differentiation
- enhances expression of Class I MHC on nucleated cells
- enhances expression of Class II MHC on antigen presenting cells
what is the target of TNF alone?
- enhances NADPH oxidase
- role in activation of inducible NO synthase
what is the target of TGF beta?
- down reg of iNOS
- critical for differentiation of Th0 cells to a/i Tregs
- when IL-6 or IL-1 and IL-23 are around = differentiation ThP cells to Th17
what is the source of IL-1?
macrophages
what is the source of IL-4?
Th 2
mast cells
Th 0
what is the source of IL-6?
macrophages
Th 2
what is the source of IL-10?
Th2
what is the source of IL-12?
macrophages
dendritic cells
what is the source of IL-15?
macrophages
dendritic cells
what is the source of IL-18?
macrophages
dendritic cells
what is the source of IFN y?
Th1
NK cells
Th 0
what is the source of TNF?
macrophages
Th1
what is the source of TGF beta?
Th 2
what is the source for chemokines IL-8 (CXCL8)?
macrophages
endothelial cells
What is the target for chemokines IL-8 (CXCL8)?
chemotactic for neutrophils
what is the source for chemokines MCP-1 (CCL2)
macrophages
endothelial cells
what is the target for chemokines MCP-1 (CCL2)
chemotactic for monocytes
what is the source of IL-2?
Th1
Th0
Thp
what is the source of IFN alpha/beta?
VIC - virally infected cells
what is the target of IL-2?
- growth factor for T cells
- enhances NK cell cytotoxicity
- plays a role in pCTL to CTL differentiation
what is the target of IFN alpha/beta?
- triggers production of enzymes that interfere with replication of some viruses (*2’5’ oligoadenylate synthetase)
- inhibition of T cell proliferation
- increase expression of Class I MHC on nucleated cells
