Cystoid Macular Oedema

Question 1

What is the aetiology for Cystoid Macular Oedema?

Answer 1

DEPRIVENS (Diabetes, Epinephrine, Pars plantis, Retinitis pigmentosa, Irvine gass syndrome, Vein occlusions, E2 prostaglandins, nicotinic acid, surgery)

Question 2

What is the the pathogenesis of cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 2

• There is an accumulation of fluid from within the INL and OPL at the macula.
• This occurs as the rate of filtration and removal rate of fluid by the RPE are disbalanced.

Question 3

What are the 3 signs of cystoid macula oedema?

Answer 3

1. Loss of foveal depression
2. Thickening of Retina
3. Cystoid areas in the retina

Question 4

What are two symptoms of cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 4

Blurred central vision and metamorphopsia

Question 5

What investigations would you carry out for cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 5

OCT
Amsler
D/N Va

Question 6

What is the management for cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 6

College guidelines state routine referral but in practice usually urgent referral within 2 weeks.

Question 7

What are the treatments used for cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 7

For mild cases: monitor until they resolve

For Mod-Sev Cases: Anti-VEGF (if > 400microns), ozurdex, topical NSAID, corticosteroid.

Question 8

What are the differential diagnosis of cystoid macular oedema?

Answer 8

1. Diabetic Macular Oedema
2. Vein Occlusion
3. Diabetic Retinopathy