Cycles

Question 1

intended population for cycles

Answer 1

• created for preschoolers with pattern-based speech errors, restricted consonant repertoire, moderate to severe reduced intelligibility
• strong evidence base for toddlers to high schoolers with a variety of disorders
• good choice for kids that need to feel successful early in treatment

Question 2

key features of cycles

Answer 2

• target stimulable sounds only
• on 2-4 target words for each sound within a pattern
• always consider facilitative contexts when selecting target words

Question 3

goal of cycles

Answer 3

• increasing intelligibility by stimulating emergence of sounds/patterns (not mastery)
• don’t treat until a criterion is met
• target sound in a pattern during one 60 minute session

Question 4

primary phonological patterns

Answer 4

• syllable reduction
• initial/final consonant deletion
• fronting/backing
• cluster reduction
• liquid gliding

Question 5

determining targets

Answer 5

1. identify child’s phonological error patterns
2. select 2-6 primary patterns to address within the first cycle
3. select 2-6 phonemes to target within each pattern that the child is timulable for
4. target 1 phoneme within the first pattern for one 60 minute session
5. target a different phoneme within that same first pattern for one 60 minute session (or move on to the next pattern if the child only has 1 sound in error for pattern)
6. target each of the phonemes within each primary pattern (5-15 weeks)

Question 6

select 2-6 primary patterns to address within the first cycle

Answer 6

start with those that are most evident, impact intelligibility the most

Question 7

select 2-6 phonemes to target within each pattern that the child is stimulable for

Answer 7

start with most stimulable sounds

Question 8

secondary patterns

Answer 8

recycle through primary patterns until…
- initial and final sounds targeted to address initial and final consonant deletion, fronting, and back are ~60% in conversation
- /s/ clusters are emerging in conversation
- child is able to approximate liquids in words

Question 9

order of events

Answer 9

1. provide slightly amplified auditory stimulation of session’s target pattern (15-20 words)
2. child colors or draws picture word cards for target patterns for current cycle
3. SLP and child engage in play-production activities to practice target patterns
4. evaluate stimulability within the next designated target pattern to determine next session’s target phoneme
5. phonological awareness activity
6. review current session’s words and discuss homework

Question 10

nonstimulable, noncompliant clients

Answer 10

• focused auditory input cycle
• 1 cycle of primary patterns: only input, no production requirements
• usually needed for children younger than 3 years
• 2 weeks on each primary pattern except liquids (10 weeks)