Cyanide poisoning

Question 1

Where does cyanide come from?

Answer 1

1) Sodium nitroprusside
2) Fire victims
3) Vitamin B12 metabolism
4) Amygdalins (seeds)
5) Industrial chemicals
6) Electroplating, metals

Question 2

What is the mechanism of cyanide toxicity?

Answer 2

Histotoxic anoxia

Question 3

How does cyanide displace oxygen?

Answer 3

Binds to the ferric ion on the a-a3 complex within the cytochrome complex

Question 4

How is cyanide metabolized?

Answer 4

1) Rhodanese enzyme -> thiocyanate -> renal excretion (MAJOR PATHWAY)

2) Cobalamine + cyanide -> cyanocobalamin

Question 5

How is cyanide excreted?

Answer 5

1) Breath
2) Sweat

Question 6

What are the major organs affected by cyanide poisoning?

Answer 6

1) CNS
2) CVS

Question 7

Symptoms of cyanide poisoning?

Answer 7

1) Weakness
2) Dizziness
3) Nausea and Vomiting
4) Headache
5) Tachycardia
6) Flushing

Question 8

Treatment for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 8

1) ABC
2) Decontamination
3) Antidote
4) Continuous care

Question 9

What is the antidote for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 9

1) Amyl nitrate inhalation
2) Sodium nitrate
3) Sodium thiosulfate