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Human Disease/Therapeutics > CVS Therapeutics > Flashcards

CVS Therapeutics Flashcards

1
Q

What are two nitrate/nitrite antianginal drugs?

A

Nitroglycerin, and Amyl nitrate

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2
Q

How do nitrates work as an antianginal?

A

Metabolized into nitric oxide and increase cGMP to vasodilate

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3
Q

What are three Calcium channel blockers used as antianginal drugs?

A

Verapamil, Nifedipine, and Diltiazem

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers?

A

They block contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle, thereby reducing oxygen demand

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5
Q

What is a side effect of Ca++ channel blockers?

A

cardiac depression and bradycardia (can cause heart failure)

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6
Q

What are two β-blockers used as antianginal drugs?

A

Propranolol and Atemolol

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of β-blockers?

A

they reduce cardiac efforts thereby reducing oxygen requirements

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8
Q

What are statins, vibrates, bile acid-binding agents, and intestinal sterol inhibitors used for?

A

Controlling/managing Lipid and cholesterol levels

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9
Q

Name three statin drugs.

A

Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, and Simvastatin

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10
Q

How do statin drugs work?

A

They competitively inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which synthesizes cholesterol

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11
Q

What are two side effects to be concerned about with statin drugs?

A

liver damage, and skeletal muscle weakness

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12
Q

What kind of cholesterol lowering drug is Fenobrate?

A

A fibrate

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13
Q

How do Fibrates work?

A

they increase lipolysis in the liver and muscles

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14
Q

How does Niacin change lipid/cholesterol levels?

A

it decreases triglycerides and LDL

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15
Q

What kind of cholesterol/lipid lowering drug is Cholesteramine?

A

a Bil acid-binding agent

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16
Q

How does Ezetimibe work?

A

it reduces LDL by inhibiting intestinal sterol absorption

17
Q

What are 7 mechanisms that can be used to treat/prevent heart failure?

A

positive ionotropic drugs, β1 agonists, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, vasodilators, β-blockers, or diet

18
Q

What are Digitalis and Milrinone?

A

anti-heart failure drugs that increase intracellular Ca++

19
Q

What kind of heart failure medication is Dobutamine?

A

β1 agonist used to treat heart failure

20
Q

What type of heart failure medication is Captopril?

A

ACE inhibitor - reduces TPR

21
Q

Hydralazine is what kind of heart failure drug?

A

vasodilator

22
Q

What kind of drug is Metoprolol?

A

β-blocker that reduces HR and blocks sympathetic ANS

Human Disease/Therapeutics (12 decks)

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