CVS MCQ 3

Question 1

Trimetephan

Answer 1

A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and to induce hypotension during surgery.

Is an arteriolar and venous dilator

Question 2

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 2

Phenoxybenzamine is a non-selective alpha blocker. It predominantly acts post-synaptically.

Question 3

Thiazide effect on biochemistry (Ca, Urea, K, Cl)

Answer 3

Thiazides tend to result in:

hypokalaemic, hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis.

Hypercalcaemia
Hyperuricaemia
Hyperglycaemia.

Question 4

Reserpine

Answer 4

Treats mild-mod HTN - adrenergic block

Reserpine’s mechanism of action is through inhibition of the ATP/Mg2+ pump responsible for altering neuronal storage, uptake, metabolism or release of neurotransmitters

• Reserpine depletes neuronal granules of noradrenaline.

Question 5

Does Enoximone increase LVEDP?

Answer 5

No, as it is also vasodilatory it reduces afterload and left ventricular end diastolic pressure.

Question 6

Hydralazine

Answer 6

Used PO for chronic HTN/ CCF
Used IV for pregnancy HTN/ pre-ecclampsia
Activates guanyl cyclase, reduces cGMP, reduced Calcium - vasodilation.

Question 7

Side effects of Hydralazine

Answer 7

Peripheral neuropathy
Blood dyscariasis
Lupus type syndrome (long term use/ slow acetylators)

Question 8

Adenosine

Answer 8

Adenosine is effective in SVTs, depressing the SA node activity and blocking AV node conduction.

Although ineffective in VTs, it can serve to distinguish SVT with associated bundle branch block from VT in a patient with broad complex tachycardia.