(CVS) Blood Vessels + Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation Flashcards
The _________ circulation is the system of
blood vessels that moves oxygenated
blood between the heart and rest of the
body and returns deoxygenated blood
back to the heart.
systemic
The function of this structure is to exchange fluid, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and other substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid.
capillaries
The _____ (smallest veins) collect blood from the capillaries and gradually coalesce into progressively larger veins.
venules
This type of vein moves blood that contains waste and lacks oxygen from your capillaries to your veins.
It has a diameter slightly larger than that of capillaries and is composed of endothelium resting on a delicate connective tissue layer.
venules
In a muscular artery, this layer of blood vessels is composed of a layer of elastic connective tissue from the outer margin.
tunica media
This is the outermost layer of blood vessels, composed of dense connective tissue adjacent to tunica media.
tunica adventitia/externa
These transport blood from small-sized arteries to capillaries and are the smallest arteries. It only consists of only 1 or 2 layers of circular smooth muscle cells.
Arterioles
This vessel transports blood from the left ventricle of the heart through all parts of the body and back to the right atrium
systemic vessels
Vein of the body are normally classified into one of 4 categories:
venules
small veins
medium-sized veins
large veins
The wall of blood vessels is composed of three layers or tunics, they are _____, ____, and _____.
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia/externa
This type of blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood and transports it from different parts of the body to the heart.
Veins
The walls of this structure are very thin and consist only of endothelium.
capillaries
These include medium-sized and small arteries.
Medium-sized arteries are frequently called
“distributing arteries”.
Muscular arteries
This type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood and transports it away from the heart to different parts of the body.
Arteries
In a muscular artery, this layer of blood vessels also contains a layer of thin elastic connective tissue.
tunica intima
The blood flow through this structure is regulated by smooth muscle cells called precapillary sphincters
capillary networks
This structure functions as a conduit for the transport of blood from the venules back to the heart; equally important, they serve as a major reservoir of extra blood.
veins
This structure has strong vascular walls, and blood flows at a high velocity.
arteries
_________, along with small-sized arteries, are
adapted for vasodilation (relaxation of smooth
muscles in blood vessels) and vasoconstriction
(contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels).
Arterioles
Because the pressure in this structure is very low, the venous walls here are thin.
veins
________ are channels that
carry blood throughout our
body.
Blood vessels
Blood vessels are divided into two classes which are: ______ and _____.
pulmonary vessels
systemic vessels
This structure has thin capillary walls and numerous minute capillary pores permeable to water and other small molecular substances.
capillaries
The _________ circulation is the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the heart again.
pulmonary
In these arteries, most of the wall thickness of the medium-sized are from the smooth muscle cells of the tunica media and relatively thick, while the small-sized ones have only 3-4 layers of smooth muscle and have a smaller diameter and thinner walls
Muscular arteries
This type of blood vessel is the site of exchange
between the blood and cells of the body.
Capillaries
This is the middle layer of blood vessels, composed of:
- smooth muscle cells arranged circularly around the blood vessel
- elastic and collagen fibers
tunica media
This is the innermost layer of blood vessels, consists of an endothelium, and is composed of:
-simple squamous epithelial cells
- basement membrane
- a small amount of connective tissue
tunica intima
This is where exchange of
substances such as oxygen,
nutrients, carbon dioxide,
and other waste products
occur between blood and
tissue fluid.
capillaries
The elastic recoil of these arteries prevents blood pressure from rapidly falling and maintains blood flow while the ventricles are relaxed.
Elastic arteries
They are the conduit (channel, tube) that
carry oxygen, nutrients, and
other materials to the cells and
remove wastes from
extracellular fluid which consists
of veins, capillaries, and arteries.
Blood vessels
These are the largest-diameter arteries and have the thickest walls.
Elastic arteries
This circulation supplies blood flow to
all the tissues of the body except the lungs, it is also called the greater circulation or peripheral circulation.
systemic circulation
The circulation is divided into the _______ and the _______.
systemic circulation
pulmonary circulation
What are the three main types of arteries?
Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries
Arterioles
The function of this structure is to transport blood under high pressure to the tissues.
arteries
The femoral artery, brachial artery, radial
artery are examples of what type of artery?
Muscular arteries
This vessel transports blood from the right ventricle of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium.
pulmonary vessels
