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General Physiology (Midterm) > (CVS) Blood Vessels + Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation > Flashcards

(CVS) Blood Vessels + Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

The _________ circulation is the system of
blood vessels that moves oxygenated
blood between the heart and rest of the
body and returns deoxygenated blood
back to the heart.

A

systemic

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2
Q

The function of this structure is to exchange fluid, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and other substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid.

A

capillaries

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3
Q

The _____ (smallest veins) collect blood from the capillaries and gradually coalesce into progressively larger veins.

A

venules

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4
Q

This type of vein moves blood that contains waste and lacks oxygen from your capillaries to your veins.

It has a diameter slightly larger than that of capillaries and is composed of endothelium resting on a delicate connective tissue layer.

A

venules

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5
Q

In a muscular artery, this layer of blood vessels is composed of a layer of elastic connective tissue from the outer margin.

A

tunica media

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6
Q

This is the outermost layer of blood vessels, composed of dense connective tissue adjacent to tunica media.

A

tunica adventitia/externa

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7
Q

These transport blood from small-sized arteries to capillaries and are the smallest arteries. It only consists of only 1 or 2 layers of circular smooth muscle cells.

A

Arterioles

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8
Q

This vessel transports blood from the left ventricle of the heart through all parts of the body and back to the right atrium

A

systemic vessels

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9
Q

Vein of the body are normally classified into one of 4 categories:

A

venules
small veins
medium-sized veins
large veins

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10
Q

The wall of blood vessels is composed of three layers or tunics, they are _____, ____, and _____.

A

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia/externa

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11
Q

This type of blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood and transports it from different parts of the body to the heart.

A

Veins

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12
Q

The walls of this structure are very thin and consist only of endothelium.

A

capillaries

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13
Q

These include medium-sized and small arteries.
Medium-sized arteries are frequently called
“distributing arteries”.

A

Muscular arteries

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14
Q

This type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood and transports it away from the heart to different parts of the body.

A

Arteries

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15
Q

In a muscular artery, this layer of blood vessels also contains a layer of thin elastic connective tissue.

A

tunica intima

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16
Q

The blood flow through this structure is regulated by smooth muscle cells called precapillary sphincters

A

capillary networks

17
Q

This structure functions as a conduit for the transport of blood from the venules back to the heart; equally important, they serve as a major reservoir of extra blood.

A

veins

18
Q

This structure has strong vascular walls, and blood flows at a high velocity.

A

arteries

19
Q

_________, along with small-sized arteries, are
adapted for vasodilation (relaxation of smooth
muscles in blood vessels) and vasoconstriction
(contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels).

A

Arterioles

20
Q

Because the pressure in this structure is very low, the venous walls here are thin.

A

veins

21
Q

________ are channels that
carry blood throughout our
body.

A

Blood vessels

22
Q

Blood vessels are divided into two classes which are: ______ and _____.

A

pulmonary vessels
systemic vessels

23
Q

This structure has thin capillary walls and numerous minute capillary pores permeable to water and other small molecular substances.

A

capillaries

24
Q

The _________ circulation is the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the heart again.

A

pulmonary

25
Q

In these arteries, most of the wall thickness of the medium-sized are from the smooth muscle cells of the tunica media and relatively thick, while the small-sized ones have only 3-4 layers of smooth muscle and have a smaller diameter and thinner walls

A

Muscular arteries

26
Q

This type of blood vessel is the site of exchange
between the blood and cells of the body.

A

Capillaries

27
Q

This is the middle layer of blood vessels, composed of:
- smooth muscle cells arranged circularly around the blood vessel
- elastic and collagen fibers

A

tunica media

28
Q

This is the innermost layer of blood vessels, consists of an endothelium, and is composed of:
-simple squamous epithelial cells
- basement membrane
- a small amount of connective tissue

A

tunica intima

29
Q

This is where exchange of
substances such as oxygen,
nutrients, carbon dioxide,
and other waste products
occur between blood and
tissue fluid.

A

capillaries

30
Q

The elastic recoil of these arteries prevents blood pressure from rapidly falling and maintains blood flow while the ventricles are relaxed.

A

Elastic arteries

31
Q

They are the conduit (channel, tube) that
carry oxygen, nutrients, and
other materials to the cells and
remove wastes from
extracellular fluid which consists
of veins, capillaries, and arteries.

A

Blood vessels

32
Q

These are the largest-diameter arteries and have the thickest walls.

A

Elastic arteries

33
Q

This circulation supplies blood flow to
all the tissues of the body except the lungs, it is also called the greater circulation or peripheral circulation.

A

systemic circulation

34
Q

The circulation is divided into the _______ and the _______.

A

systemic circulation
pulmonary circulation

35
Q

What are the three main types of arteries?

A

Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries
Arterioles

36
Q

The function of this structure is to transport blood under high pressure to the tissues.

A

arteries

37
Q

The femoral artery, brachial artery, radial
artery are examples of what type of artery?

A

Muscular arteries

38
Q

This vessel transports blood from the right ventricle of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium.

A

pulmonary vessels

General Physiology (Midterm) (6 decks)

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