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GPhC Exam Revision > CVS > Flashcards

CVS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 counselling points of Dipyridamole?

A
  • Take 30-60 mins before food
  • Special container: Keep capsules in this
  • 6 week expiry date
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2
Q

What is stage 1 hypertension?

A
  • Clinical BP less than 140/90
  • Less than 135/85 hbpm
  • Only treat if target organ damage or other health conditions or CVD risk over 20%
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3
Q

What is stage 2 hypertension?

A
  • 160/100

- Treat all cases

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4
Q

What is stage 3 hypertension?

A
  • Over 180 or 100

- Emergence

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5
Q

What is the BP target for patients under 80?

A
  • 140/90

- 130/80 if other risks

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6
Q

What is BP target for patients over 80?

A

-150/90

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7
Q

What is BP target in renal disease?

A
  • 140/90

- 130/80 if CKD or also diabetes or proteinuria

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8
Q

What is the BP target in diabetes?

A
  • 140/90

- 130/80 if complications

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9
Q

What is the BP target in pregnancy?

A
  • 150/100 if chronic

- 140/90 if target organ damage or after birth

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10
Q

Which Beta blockers have ISA? What is the significance of this

A
  • Pindolol
  • Acebutolol
  • Celiprolol
  • Oxprenolol
  • Significance is they cause less bradycardia and coldness of extremities
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11
Q

Which Beta blockers are water soluble? What is the significance of this

A
  • Celiprolol
  • Atenolol
  • Nadolol
  • Sotalol
  • Significance is they cause less nightmares and dose needs reduced in renal impairment
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12
Q

Which Beta blockers are cardio-selective? What is the significance of this

A
  • Bisoprolol
  • Atenolol
  • Metoprolol
  • Nebivolol
  • Acebutolol
  • Significance is they have lesser side effects on airways
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13
Q

Which Beta blockers are given once daily?

A
  • Bisoprolol
  • Atenolol
  • Celiprolol
  • Nadolol
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14
Q

Which drug class interacts with beta blockers to cause hyperglycaemia?

A

-Thiazide-like diuretics

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15
Q

At what eGFR are thiazides ineffective?

A

-Less than 30

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16
Q

What is step 1 of heart failure treatment?

A
  • ACEI plus Beta blocker

- Loop diuretic if fluid overload

17
Q

What is step 2 of heart failure treatment?

A
  • Spironolactone or eplerenone

- Entresto if LVEF less than 35%

18
Q

What is step 3 of heart failure treatment?

A
  • Ivabradine or digoxin

- Hydralazine and isosorbide are alternative given by specialist

19
Q

What are target cholesterol levels?

A
  • 5 or less for total
  • 3 or less for LDL
  • 1 or more for HDL
  • Less than 1.7 for triglycerides
20
Q

What must be corrected before initiating statin treatment?

A

-Hypothyroidism

21
Q

What statins are considered high intensity? (>40% LDL reduction)

A
  • Atorvastatin 20-80mg
  • Rosuvastatin 10-40mg
  • Simvastatin 80mg
22
Q

-Simvastatin 20mg is the max dose with what drugs?

A
  • Amiodarone
  • Amlodipine
  • Verapamil or diltiazem
23
Q

Simvastatin 10mg is the max dose with what drugs?

A

-Fibrates

24
Q

Atorvastatin 10mg is max dose with which drug?

A

-Ciclosporin

25
Q

Rosuvastatin 10mg is max dose with which drug?

A

-Clopidogrel

26
Q

When would long term prophylaxis be needed in angina?

A

-If using GTN more than twice weekly

27
Q

-How long after opening must GTN tablets be discarded?

A

8 weeks

28
Q

What is step 1 angina treatment after GTN spray?

A

-Beta blocker or calcium channel blocker (Such as diltiazem)

29
Q

What is step 2 angina treatment?

A

-Beta blocker plus dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

30
Q

What is step 3 angina treatment?

A
  • Long acting nitrate
  • Ivabradine
  • Ranolazine
31
Q

Which condition are rate limiting calcium channel blockers contraindicated in

A

Heart failure

32
Q

What special considerations are there with nicorandil?

A
  • For use in adults only
  • Can cause serious ulcers
  • Can impact ability to drive
33
Q

What is special about isosorbide dinitrate?

A

It is active sublingually so can be used as prophylaxis or symptomatic relief of angina

34
Q

What is emergency treatment of unstable angina or NSTEMI?

A

-Aspirin 300mg stat and GTN prn

35
Q

What is emergency treatment of STEMI?

A
  • Aspirin 300mg stat and GTN prn

- IV morphine/diamorphine and metoclopramide

36
Q

What is emergency treatment of cardiac arrest?

A
  • CPR (30c/2b 100cpm)

- IV adrenaline or IV amiodarone if in ventricular fibrillation

37
Q

What electrolyte imbalances differ with thiazides and loop diuretics?

A
  • Thiazides cause hyperCa

- Loops cause hypoCa

38
Q

What is significant about metolazone?

A

-It can be used when eGFR is less than 30

39
Q

What counselling is needed with the potassium sparing diuretic triamterene?

A

May make urine look blue in some lights

GPhC Exam Revision (9 decks)

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