CVPR 322 Physiologic Assesment / Intructor Ed Flashcards
PaCO2
partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in the plasma.
35 - 45 mmHg
pH normal range
7.35 - 7.45
PaO2
partial pressure of oxygen
dissolved in the plasma only
90 - 100 mmHg
HCO3
Bicarbonate buffer
22 - 26
BE
Base excess
-2) — (+2
SaO2
oxygen is bound to hemoglobin
> 95 %
Significant deviations from normal pH ranges are _____ _____ and may be life threatening
Achieved by _____ and _____ systems
Poorly tolerated
Respiratory
Renal
What are the two buffers that work in pairs ?
Carbonic acid
&
Base bicarbonate
H2CO3
Carbonic Acid
NaHCO3
Base bicarbonate
What buffer is linked to the RESPIRATORY compensatory mechanism ?
Carbonic Acid
H2CO3
What buffer is linked to the RENAL compensatory mechanism ? “metabolic component”
base bicarbonate
NaHCO3
98% normal metabolites are in the form of ?
CO2
Process of kidneys excreting H+ into the urine and reabsorbing HCO3- into the blood from the renal tubules
1) active exchange; Na+ for H+ between the tubular cells and glomerular filtrate
2) carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that accelerates hydration/dehydration CO2 in renal epithelial cells
accelerates hydration/dehydration CO2 in renal epithelial cells
carbonic anhydrase
Acidosis
pH < 7.35
PCO2 > 45
HCO3 < 22
Alkalosis
pH > 7.45
PCO2 < 35
HCO3 > 26
CO2 + H2CO3 =
Drop in pH
5 Causes of Respiratory Acidosis non-CPB related?
- emphysema
- OD
- narcosis
- respiratory arrest
- airway obstruction
pH < 7.35
HCO3 < 22
Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis
- renal failure
- DKA
- lactic acidosis
- excessive diarrhea
- cardiac arrest
