CVP/ Coagulation

Question 1

CVP normal values

Answer 1

6-8 mmHg

Question 2

CVP implications

Answer 2

Normal values slightly higher with mechanical ventilation.
Used to estimate cardiac function (LA pressure) and/or blood volume status.

High value could indicate fluid overload (interpret with other clinical signs)

Unreliable if patient has heart failure or low ejection fraction.

Question 3

Prothrombin (PT) normal values

Answer 3

11-14 sec

Question 4

PT implications

Answer 4

If prolonged clotting time, increased risk of bleeding.

If clotting time increase 2.5 times more than normal => intervention contraindicated

Measures effectiveness of warfarin

Question 5

Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) normal value

Answer 5

27-42 sec

Question 6

APTT implication

Answer 6

If prolonged clotting time, increased risk of bleeding.

Measures effectiveness of heparin.

Question 7

International normalized ratio (INR) normal values

Question 8

INR implications

Answer 8

> 2: increased risk of bleeding
3: increased risk of haemoarthrosis
2.5: intervention contraindicated

Measures effectiveness of wafarin