CV-surgery

Question 1

produce symptoms of pressure on the tracheobronchial tree and pressure on the esophagus. Dx? NSIM?

Answer 1

• Vascular ring
• Barium swallow- shows typical extrinsic compression from the abnormal vessel
• Bronchoscopy-segmental tracheal compression

Question 2

Tx for vascular ring

Answer 2

Surgical divides the smaller of the two aortic arches

Question 3

angina and exertional syncopal episodes

Answer 3

Aortic stenosis

Question 4

A harsh midsystolic heart murmur best heart at the right second intercostal space and along the left sternal border

Answer 4

Aortic stenosis

Question 5

Wide pulse pressure and a blowing, high-pitched, diastolic heart murmur best heard at the second intercostal space and along the left lower sternal border with the patient with full expiration

Answer 5

Chronic aortic insufficiency (regurgitation)

Question 6

Acute aortic insufficiency is seen in

Answer 6

young drug addicts with endocarditis

Question 7

A sudden loud diastolic murmur at the right second intercostal space. Dx?NSIM?

Answer 7

Acute aortic insufficiency

Emergency valve replacement & long-term abx

Question 8

dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis with hx of rheumatic fever

Answer 8

Mitral stenosis

Question 9

Low-pitched, rumbling diastolic apical heart murmur

Answer 9

Mitral stenosis

Question 10

Pt becomes thin and cachectic and develops A-fib with

Answer 10

Mitral stenosis

Question 11

Surgical tx for Mitral stenosis

Answer 11

Mitral valve repair with a surgical commissurotomy or a balloon valvuloplasty

Question 12

It is most commonly caused by valvular prolapse

Answer 12

Mitral regurgitation

Question 13

Exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, A-fib with apical, high pitched, holosystolic heart murmur that radiates to the axillar and back

Answer 13

Mitral regurgitation