CV Pharmacology pt 2

Question 1

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) is a direct ____ inhibitor

Answer 1

thrombin (factor IIa)

Question 2

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) has been approved to reduce risk of CVA and thrombosis in patients with what pathology?

Answer 2

non-valvular Afib

Question 3

what are 4 big warning signs of a blood clot?

Answer 3

-Swelling or pain in legs
-SOB/chest pain
-Sudden difficulty moving limb/side of body
-Difficulty speaking

Question 4

how does the antiplatelet drug Dipyridamole (Depridacot, Persantine) work?

Answer 4

Reduces adenosine metabolism and/or cAMP levels in platelets

Question 5

why do cardiac muscle cells have a long refractory period?

Answer 5

calcium moves slowly

Question 6

what are Class I anti-arrhythmia drugs, and how do they tx arrhythmia?

Answer 6

-Na channel blockers
-Normalize rate of Na influx into the cell
-Stabilize the membrane and reduce membrane excitability
-Ex: Lidocaine (found on all crash carts)

Question 7

what are Class II anti-arrhythmia drugs, and how do they tx arrhythmia?

Answer 7

-Beta blockers
-Diminish the influence of the excitatory effects of the SNS
-↓ cardiac automaticity
-Lengthen effective refractory period → slower HR

Question 8

what type of arrhythmias are Class III drugs used for?

Answer 8

ventricular arrhythmias

Question 9

how do Class III anti-arrhythmia drugs work?

Answer 9

-Prolong myocyte repolarization
-Inhibit K influx
-Slow/stabilize HR

Question 10

what are Class IV anti-arrhythmia drugs, and how do they tx arrhythmia?

Answer 10

-Ca channel blockers (Verapamil, diltiazem)
-Normalize Ca entry into the channel, thus controlling excitability and the conduction of cardiac tissue

Question 11

T/F: all Ca channel blockers are effective in managing arrhythmias

Answer 11

false!

Question 12

what are a few AEs of statins that Morris probably wants us to know?

Answer 12

-myalgia and rhabdomyolysis
-liver damage (pts need quarterly liver panels)
-breast cancer