CV II EKG Flashcards
Atrial hypertrophy
Lead V1
assess atrial enlargement
biphasic P wave (+=RA, -=LA)
Leads II, III, aVF : increased amplitude
Ventricular hypertrophy
V1: biphasic P wave RVH= large R wave LVH: large S wave V5: large R wave
LVH: DKG of S wave in V1+ R wave in V5?35mm
inverted T waves
Strain patters and depressed humped ST
strain pattern
in LV is enlarged it is training
repolarization is abnormal
=asymmetrical and scooping ST segments
Infarction
ST depression
T wave inversion
acute myocardial injury
ST elevation if transmural infarction
“fireman’s hat sign”
necrosis
Q waves present
inferior MI
II, III, AVF
RCA
anterior MI
V1-4
LAD
Lateral MI
I, AVL, V5-6
Circumflex
LBBB
EKG is INVALID dx tool for acute MI
hyperkalemia
flat and wide P
Wide QRS
Peaked T
IN ALL LEADS
Hypokalemia
flat T
prominent U
Hypercalcemia
short QT interval
wide T wave
Hypocalcemia
Long QT
flat T waves
hypothermia
sinus bradycardia long PR wide QRS prolonged QT osborn wave = extra deflection at the end of the QRS
Pericarditis
ST segment elevation that is flattened
T wave elevated off baseline
present in all leads!! looks like an MI in all leads
PR depression
pericardial effusion
QRS complexes in the same lead that are in opposite directions (heart is swinging back and forth in a bag of water)
Paced rhythm
sharp depolarizations (spikes) unable to interpret anything beyond its a paced rhythm
can be atrial (spike b4 P wave), ventricular (after P wave), or AV sequential pacers (spike before and after P wave- CHF)
dextrocardia
aVR is positive I= negative II= negative III= positive V1=largest V6=smallest
brugada syndrome
ECG patter of RBBB and persistent ST elevation V1-3
abnormal QRS that looks like a saddle
