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Dermatology Module > Cutaneous Symptomatolgy > Flashcards

Cutaneous Symptomatolgy Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Melanoma vs Seborrheic Keratosis

A

M: irregular borders, color change, needs to be excised ASAP
SK: nodule or plaque,distinct margins,needs to be cauterized

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2
Q

ex of single vesicles

A
  1. Friction blister
  2. Chicken pox
  3. insect bite
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3
Q

Grouped vesicles examples

A
  1. Herpes simplex
  2. Allergic contact dermatitis
  3. Dehydrotic Eczema
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4
Q

Dematomal vesicle example

A

herpes zoster

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5
Q

Definitive diagnosis of cutaneous conditions

A
  1. Complete history, PE,ROS

2. To confirm only - lab tests, histopathological analysis

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6
Q

Common chief complaints to Dermatologists

A
  1. itchy skin (most common)
  2. Painful-inflammed skin
  3. Skin color change
  4. ERythematous skin
  5. Oily skin, dry skin, Sweaty skin,scaly skin
  6. Scar
  7. Hair concerns
  8. Nail concerns
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7
Q

classic location for dermatitis herpetiformis

A

Extensor surfaces of elbow, knees, buttocks, back.

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8
Q

Scabies location

A

soft and warm areas (finger webs, wrist, inguinal area, buttocks, periumbilical area, inframammary area)

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9
Q

Blister related to cancer of GIT

A

Bullous pephigoid

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10
Q

Top 10 common dermatoses in the Philippines (2013)

A 
1 Verruca 
2 Superficial Dermatophyte infectons
3 Acne Vulgaris
4 Contact Dermatitis
5 Bacterial infections 
6 Psoriasis
7 Lichen Simplex Chronicus
8 Scabies
9 Seborrheic Dermatitis
10 Nummular Dermatitis
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11
Q

Exophytic lesion. can be solitary or multiple

A

Verruca

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12
Q

Dermatophytosis

A 
1. Erythematous, ring shaped
2 Advancing borders
3 Central Clearing
4. Pruritic
5 Named accdg to Body part affected
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13
Q

Psoriasis

A
  1. Sharply Marginated erythematous plaques with silvery scales
    2 (+) Auspitz sign
    3 Favors Knee, elbows, scalp, nails
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14
Q

common lesions in acne

A

Papules or specifically Comedones

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15
Q

Types of Contact dermatitis

A
  1. Irritant

2. Allergic

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16
Q

Hyperpigmented or hypopigmented hyposthetic patch or plaque

A

Hansen’s disease

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17
Q

Erythematous nodule with central necrotic plug

A

furuncle

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18
Q

Carbuncle

A

Multiple adjacent coalescing furuncles

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19
Q

Erythematous pustules and vesicles with golden yellow crust

A

Impetigo

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20
Q

Circumscribed plaque from from reptetitve rubbing

A

Lichen simplex chronicus, can be hyperpigmented and scaly

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21
Q

Erythematous plaques with greasy scale

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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22
Q
  • (+) Burrows
  • Present in warm sweaty areas
  • Treat the patient from head to toe even if no visible lesions are present
A

Scabies

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23
Q
  • Coin shaped, can start as an insect bite in people with atopic background
  • May become exematous with scratching
A

Nummular dermatitis

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24
Q
  • sensation that leads to a desire to scratch or rub the skin
  • most common cutaneous sx
A

Pruritus

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25
Q

Neural pathway of Pain and itch

A

unmyelinated C fibers

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26
Q

GAte Control

A
  • High centers exert influence on the severity of tich which explains why itching is more severe at night
27
Q

Receives afferent impulses, but is also subject to powerful descending controls of the brain

A

Dorsal Horn

28
Q

Mediators of itch

A 
1, histamine
2 Serotonin
3 endopeptidases
4 Neuropeptidases
5 Eicosanoids
29
Q

Diffuse and poorly localized itch, intensifies with light touch or other stimulus

A

Allokinesis

30
Q

Primary Cutaneous diseases

A
  1. infestations
  2. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
  3. Bullous pemphigoid
  4. Cholinergic Urticaria
    5/ Miliaria Rubra
    6/ Symptomatic dermographism
    7 Asteatotic eczema
31
Q

Picker’s nodule

A

Pruririgo nodularis, found at the leg area

32
Q

2 biochromes in the epidermis

A

Melanin and Carotenoids

33
Q

2 biochromes in the dermis

A

Oxyhemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin

34
Q

Hyperpifmentation found in the nuchal area

A

PSeudoacanthosis Nigricans

35
Q

sun spots in children

A

Pityriasis alba

36
Q

caused by Malassezia furfur

A

Pityriasis versicolor

37
Q

side effect of strong topical steroids

A

leucoderma

38
Q

No pigmentation

A
  • vitiligo

- Guttate hypomelanosis

39
Q

Skin failure with erythema

Chronic cutaneous failure

A

Exfoliative erythroderma

40
Q
  • excessive amounts of dry surface scales
  • Disorder of keratinization or cornification resulting to abnormal epidermal differentiation or metabolism
  • Associated with atopic dermatitis
A

Ichytosis

41
Q

Causes of abnormal keratinization of epithelial cells

A
  1. Pityriasiform
  2. Psoriasiform
  3. Ichthyosiform
42
Q

Parakeratosis

A

Keratinocytes retain nucleus which reach skin surface

43
Q

conditions with scaly skin

A

Pitytriasis rosea, dermatophyte infections

44
Q

thinning of hair without balding

A

Telogen effluvium

45
Q

Circumscribed area without hair

A

alopecia areata

46
Q

Beau’s lines

A
  • transverse white lines

- indicate presence of renal or hepatic problems

47
Q

Nail concerns for SLE

A

Periungal telagiectasia

48
Q

Cutaneous signs

A
  1. Color
  2. palpation or lesion
  3. Shape
    4 Margination
    5 arrangement
    6 distribution
49
Q

Parts of palpation of lesion

A
  1. consistency
  2. Temperature
  3. Mobility
  4. Tenderness
  5. Depth of lesions
50
Q

Margination

A

Well defined or Ill-defined

51
Q

Arrangement/Grouping

A
  1. Herpetiform
  2. Zosteriform
  3. Annular
  4. Reticulated
  5. Linear
52
Q

Distribution

A
  1. Extent

2. Patterns (symmetrical, photodistribution, dermatomal, intertriginous, pressure sites)

53
Q

most common morphologic reactions in drugs

A

Exanthematous eruptions

  • can also be related to glutathione deficiency
  • 10 days after exposure to drug
  • req drug dechallenge
54
Q

Angioedema vs Wheals

A

A: Ill defined and involves dermis and subcutaneous tissue
W: Superficial, well defined

55
Q

3 mechanisms of urticaria

A
  1. IgE Dependent
  2. Immune complex induced
  3. Non-immunological
56
Q

Erythema Nodosum

A
  • occurence of tender, non-ulcerative nodules on legs

- inflammation of the subcutaneous fat

57
Q

Caused by anovulatory drugs

A

Erythema nodosum

58
Q

Pathogenesis of Erythema nodosum

A

Circulating immune complexes

59
Q

acute life trehetening mucocutaneos reaction characterized by extensive necrosis and detachment of the epidermis

A

Steven-johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis

60
Q

Epidermal detachment after light touching/light rubbing

A

Nikolsky sign

61
Q

Pathogenesis of diseasE: Delayed hypersensitivity reaction where primary target is epidermis

A

Erythema multiforme

62
Q

tx for Erythema multiforme

A

penicillin, sulfonamide

63
Q

pathogensis of Erythroderma

A

Type II, Type III, Type IV (allergic contact dermatitis mech)

64
Q

sign of intestinal polyposis

A

Peutz-jeghers syndrome

Dermatology Module (13 decks)

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