Basic Dermatological Lesions Flashcards
To learn more characteristics of lesions
Macules
A circumscribed flat area less than 1 cm of discoloration without elevation or depression of surface relative to surrounding skin
Patches
A circumscribed area of discoloration, greater than 1 cm, which is neither elevated or depressed relative to the surrounding skin
A circumscribed, elevated, solid lesion, less than 1 cm
Papules
Plaques
A well-circumscribed, elevated, superficial, solid lesion, greater than 1 cm in diameter
Nodules
A palpable, solid lesion, greater than 1 cm in diameter. These are usually found in the dermal or subcutaneous tissue, and the lesion may be above, level with, or below the skin surface
Tumors
- Solid, firm lesions
- typically > 2 cm that can be above, level with, or beneath the skin surface.
- aka mass.
Wheals (Hives)
Transient, circumscribed, elevated papules or plaques, often with erythematous borders and pale centers.
Vesicles (Blisters)
A small, superficial, circumscribed elevation of the skin, less than 0.5 cm, that contains serous fluid
A raised, circumscribed lesion greater than 0.5 cm that contains serous fluid
Bullae
A small (< 1 cm in diameter), circumscribed superficial elevation of the skin that is filled with purulent material. Can also be described as a vesicle filled with pus
Pustules
Example of Macules
Freckles
Example of nodules
trichoepithelioma
example of patch
vitiligo
Example of Papule
syringoma, miliara rubra
Herpes zoster is an example of a
Vesicle
Psoriasis is an example of
Plaques
example of a bullae
impetigo bullosa
example of a pustule
furuncle
example of a wheals
Urticaria
Scales (Excoriation)
Visible fragments of the stratum corneum as it is shed from the skin
Crusts/scabs
Varying colors of liquid debris (serum or pus) that has dried on the surface of the skin
Excoriations, Abrasions
Skin abrasions, usually superficial, due to scratching of the skin
Fissures
Sharply-defined, linear or wedge-shaped tears in the epidermis with abrupt walls
Erosions
Loss of superficial layers of upper epidermis by wearing away as from friction or pressure
Ulcers
A localized defect in the skin of irregular size and shape where epidermis and some dermis have been lost
Scars
Scars are composed of new connective tlssue that replaced lost substance m the dermis or deeper parts as a result of injury or disease, as part of the normal reparative process
