Cutaneous fungal infection

Question 1

What is ring worm?

Answer 1

an umbrella term used to describe fungal infections of the skin

Question 2

Give 2 other names for ring worm:

Answer 2

1) tinea
2) dermatophytosis

Question 3

What is the most common causative fungus for skin infections?

Answer 3

trichophyton

Question 4

What is Tinea pedis also known as?

Answer 4

Athlete’s foot

Question 5

Describe the presentation of Athlete’s foot: (3)

Answer 5

1) itching, flaking and fissuring of the skin, usually between the toes
2) soles of the feet become dry and scaly
3) associated with hyperhidrosis

Question 6

What is the medical term for fungal nail infection?

Answer 6

onychomycosis

Question 7

Describe the presentation of onychomycosis:

Answer 7

discoloured, yellow deformed nails

Question 8

What is the name of complete destruction of the nail bed secondary to fungal infection?

Answer 8

total dystrophic onchomycosis

Question 9

What is Tinea cruris?

Answer 9

fungal infection of the groin (jock itch)

Question 10

Describe the presentation seen in Tinea cruris:

Answer 10

itching, scaling and erythematous plaques with distinct edges in the groin

Question 11

What is Tinea capitis?

Answer 11

fungal infection of the scalp

Question 12

Describe the presentation seen in Tinea capitis:

Answer 12

inflammation of the scalp with scaly patches, alopecia and black dotting

Question 13

What age group is most commonly affected by Tinea capitis?

Answer 13

Children

Question 14

What is the name given to the severe manifestation of Tinea capitis resulting from inflammation of hair follicles?

Answer 14

Kerion celsi

Question 15

What is Tinea corporis?

Answer 15

fungal ring worm infection of the body

Question 16

Describe the presentation seen in Tinea corporis:

Answer 16

circular erythematous rings that spread outwards with a demarcated edge (the edge is more prominent and the area in the centre is more faint in colour)

Question 17

What is the name given to the manifestation of Tinea corporis, resulting from infection of the hair follicles?

Answer 17

Majocci’s granuloma

Question 18

What fungus genus typically causes Pityriasis versicolor?

Answer 18

Malessezia

Question 19

Name the fungal skin infection characterised by hyper or hypopigmented lesions of the skin:

Answer 19

Pityriasis versicolor

Question 20

Give 6 pieces of lifestyle advice for those with fungal skin infections:

Answer 20

1) wear losse, breathable clothing
2) keep the affected area clean and dry
3) avoid sharing towels, clothes and bedding
4) use a separate towel for feet with Athlete’s foot
5) avoid scratching and spreading to other areas
6) wear clean dry socks every day

Question 21

Name 2 antifungal creams:

Answer 21

1) clotrimazole
2) miconazole

Question 22

Name 3 oral antifungals:

Answer 22

1) fluconazole
2) griseofulvin
3) itraconazole

Question 23

What is the treatment for Tinea capitis?

Answer 23

oral griseofulvin (4-6 weeks)

Question 24

Name an antifungal shampoo (used to treat Tinea capitis):

Answer 24

ketocanazole

Question 25

What is the first line treatment for fungal nail infections?

Answer 25

amorolfine nail lacquer for 6-12 months

Question 26

What is the treatment for fungal nail infections resistant to amorolfine nail lacquer?

Answer 26

terbinafine

Question 27

What consideration needs to be made when prescribing terbinafine?

Answer 27

liver function (regular LFTs need to be taken throughout course)

Question 28

What is the name of the combined miconazole and hydrocortisone cream?

Answer 28

Daktacort

Question 29

What is Tinea incognito?

Answer 29

where ringworm is misdiagnosed as dermatitis so a topical steroid is given - the itchy rash returns once the steroid is stopped

Question 30

What is Tinea manuum?

Answer 30

fungal infection of the hands

Question 31

How does Tinea manuum present?

Answer 31

dryness and scaling in the palmar creases

Question 32

What is another term for onchomycosis/ fungal nail infection?

Answer 32

Tinea unguium

Question 33

How does candidiasis of the skin present?

Answer 33

white plaques on mucosal areas, and intense erythema with satellite lesions in flexures