Cutaneous fungal infection Flashcards
What is ring worm?
an umbrella term used to describe fungal infections of the skin
Give 2 other names for ring worm:
1) tinea
2) dermatophytosis
What is the most common causative fungus for skin infections?
trichophyton
What is Tinea pedis also known as?
Athlete’s foot
Describe the presentation of Athlete’s foot: (3)
1) itching, flaking and fissuring of the skin, usually between the toes
2) soles of the feet become dry and scaly
3) associated with hyperhidrosis
What is the medical term for fungal nail infection?
onychomycosis
Describe the presentation of onychomycosis:
discoloured, yellow deformed nails
What is the name of complete destruction of the nail bed secondary to fungal infection?
total dystrophic onchomycosis
What is Tinea cruris?
fungal infection of the groin (jock itch)
Describe the presentation seen in Tinea cruris:
itching, scaling and erythematous plaques with distinct edges in the groin
What is Tinea capitis?
fungal infection of the scalp
Describe the presentation seen in Tinea capitis:
inflammation of the scalp with scaly patches, alopecia and black dotting
What age group is most commonly affected by Tinea capitis?
Children
What is the name given to the severe manifestation of Tinea capitis resulting from inflammation of hair follicles?
Kerion celsi
What is Tinea corporis?
fungal ring worm infection of the body
Describe the presentation seen in Tinea corporis:
circular erythematous rings that spread outwards with a demarcated edge (the edge is more prominent and the area in the centre is more faint in colour)
What is the name given to the manifestation of Tinea corporis, resulting from infection of the hair follicles?
Majocci’s granuloma
What fungus genus typically causes Pityriasis versicolor?
Malessezia
Name the fungal skin infection characterised by hyper or hypopigmented lesions of the skin:
Pityriasis versicolor
Give 6 pieces of lifestyle advice for those with fungal skin infections:
1) wear losse, breathable clothing
2) keep the affected area clean and dry
3) avoid sharing towels, clothes and bedding
4) use a separate towel for feet with Athlete’s foot
5) avoid scratching and spreading to other areas
6) wear clean dry socks every day
Name 2 antifungal creams:
1) clotrimazole
2) miconazole
Name 3 oral antifungals:
1) fluconazole
2) griseofulvin
3) itraconazole
What is the treatment for Tinea capitis?
oral griseofulvin (4-6 weeks)
Name an antifungal shampoo (used to treat Tinea capitis):
ketocanazole
What is the first line treatment for fungal nail infections?
amorolfine nail lacquer for 6-12 months
What is the treatment for fungal nail infections resistant to amorolfine nail lacquer?
terbinafine
What consideration needs to be made when prescribing terbinafine?
liver function (regular LFTs need to be taken throughout course)
What is the name of the combined miconazole and hydrocortisone cream?
Daktacort
What is Tinea incognito?
where ringworm is misdiagnosed as dermatitis so a topical steroid is given - the itchy rash returns once the steroid is stopped
What is Tinea manuum?
fungal infection of the hands
How does Tinea manuum present?
dryness and scaling in the palmar creases
What is another term for onchomycosis/ fungal nail infection?
Tinea unguium
How does candidiasis of the skin present?
white plaques on mucosal areas, and intense erythema with satellite lesions in flexures
