Current Trends in US Public Health Flashcards
Who published a the comprehensive 563 page report entitled Heath, United States, 2010?
The CDC and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics
What provided information on the health of the American people including:
- Mortality and life expectancy
- Morbidity and risk factors such as: Smoking, Obesity, Utilization of health care, Health insurance coverage, Health care resources, Health expenditures?
Health, United States, 2010
True or False: Life expectancy has increased for both males and females in the US
TRUE
From 1980 to 2007, the life expectancy for men increased from 70 to what?
75
From 1980 to 2007, the life expectancy for women increased from 77 to what?
80
What was the life expectancy in the US for men and women in 2009?
Men: 75.7
Women: 80.6
Rank the following in order of life expectancy from longest to shortest: White female, White male, Black female, Black male
White female > Black female > White male > Black male
What was the leading cause of death in 2007?
Heart disease
What do people think might become the leading cause of death soon due to the decline of heart disease?
Cancer (which is currently the second leading cause of death)
What is the leading cause of death for infants, neonates, and post-neonates?
Congenital malformations: 20%
-Followed by low birth weight (17%), SIDS (8%), maternal complications (6%), and unintentional injuries (4%), all other causes (45%)
What is the leading cause of death for children 1-14?
Unintentional injuries: 35% (Dropped 30% from 1997 to 2007)
-Followed by cancer (12%), congenital malformations (9%), homicide (7%), heart disease (4%), and all other causes (34%)
What is the leading cause of death for children 15-24?
Unintentional injuries: 47% (Increased by 5% from 1997 to 2007)
-Followed by homicide (16%), suicide (12%), cancer (5%), heart disease (3%), all other causes (17%)
What is the leading cause of death among people 25-44?
Unintentional injuries: 26%
- Followed by cancer (14%), heart disease (12%), suicide (10%), homicide (6%), HIV (4%), all other causes (28%)
- Decreased deaths due to CA and HIV
What is the leading cause of death among people 45-64?
Cancer: 33%
- Followed by hear disease (22%), unintentional injuries (7%), diabetes (4%), CLRD (4%), stroke (4%), and all other causes (28%)
- There has been a decrease in deaths caused by CA and heart disease
What is the leading cause of death among people 65 and older?
Heart disease: 28% (Decreased by 26% from 1997-2007)
-Followed by cancer (22%), stroke (7%), CLRD (6%), Alzheimer’s (4%), Diabetes (3%), Influenza/pneumonia (3%), all other causes (27%)
What is smoking, obesity, diabetes, HTN, and serum cholesterol examples of?
Morbidity and risk factors
Smoking is associated with an increased risk of what?
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Lung and other types of cancer
- Chronic lung diseases
In what age group did cigarette smoking decrease form 35% to 20% in males and females from 1999 to 2009?
9-12 grade
In 2009, what % of US adults were cigarette smokers?
21%
In 2009, were men or women more likely to be cigarette smokers?
MEN
What is excess body weight in children associated with?
Excess morbidity in childhood and adulthood
How many children over age 5 were obese in 2008?
Almost 1 in 5 - 20%
In 2007-2008 about how many adults were obese?
1/3
In 2007-2008 about how many adults were overweight or obese?
2/3
What was the overall increase % for diabetes in adults over 20?
8%
Who did HTN prevalence increase in between 1988-1994 and 2005-2008?
Men and women over age 44
True or False: Between 1988-1994 and 2005-2008, the % of the population, 45 years and over, with high serum cholesterol increased
FALSE..it declined
By what fold has the % of adults 45 years of age and over using statin drugs increased?
Over 10 fold
What % of men and women over 45 years old participate in aerobic and muscle building activities?
Less than 20%–> LOW
True or False: The % of children with food allergies, skin allergies, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has increased.
TRUE
Has the % of children with asthma increased?
NOPE
True or False: The use of antidepressant and anti-anxiety drug has increased in all age groups from 1988-1994 to 2005-2008
TRUE
What can delaying or not receiving needed medical result in?
More serious illness and longer hospital stays
Who did the % of adults who delayed or didn’t receive medical care due to cost increase in?
Persons with private insurance and the uninsured
What happened to the % of working-age adults with private health insurance and people who were uninsured between 1999-2009?
The % with private health insurance decreased and the % who were uninsured increased (Medicaid looks like it increased too)
What has recently been implemented to help Americans make better lifestyle choices (diet, physical activity, avoiding risk factors) as a means of preventative healthcare?
National programs
What were the 3 national programs presented that emphasize personal health and wellness?
- Health people 2020
- My Plate
- Let’s Move
Who developed health people 2020
The US Department of Health and Human Services
Which program involves a set of goals and objectives designed to guide national health promotion and disease prevention, throughout a 10 year period, to improve the health of all people in the US?
Healthy People 2020
What is the vision of healthy people 2020?
A society in which all people live long, healthy lives
What are the 5 components of the mission of Healthy People 2020?
Striving to:
- Identify nationwide health improvement priorities.
- Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability and the opportunities for progress.
- Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, state, and local levels.
- Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge.
- Identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs.
What are 5 examples of the 12 topics addressed in Healthy People 2020?
- Oral health
- Maternal. infant, and child health
- Substance abuse
- Mental health
- Nutrition, physical activity, and obesity
What replaced the food pyramid?
MyPlate
My plate is part of a large communications initiative based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans to?
Help consumers make better food choices
What is a comprehensive initiative, launched by First Lady Michelle Obama dedicated to solving the challenge of childhood obesity within a generation, so that children born today will grow up healthier and able to pursue their dreams?
Let’s Move
Let’s Move! is about putting children on the path to a healthy future during their earilest months and years by doing what?
Combining comprehensive strategies with common sense
What are 4 things that the Let’s Move! program seeks to do?
- Giving parents helpful information and fostering environments that support healthy choices.
- Providing healthier foods in schools.
- Ensuring that every family has access to healthy, affordable food.
- Helping kids become more physically active.
