current electricity Flashcards
Electrical energy
Energy that comes from a charge
Current electricity
The flow of electrons through a circuit
Electric circuit
A loop that allows electrons to flow continuosly
Ammeter
An instrument used to measure current
Ampere/Amp
Unit for current
Electrons flow from the ___________ pole of the battery to the __________ pole
negative pole of the battery to the positive pole
Insulator
A material that doesn’t let current electricity flow
Conductor
A material that lets current electricity flow
Resistance
How difficult it iis for a current to flow through an electrical component
Ohmeter
Measures resistance
Unit for resistance
Ohm
Potential difference
(Voltage) The pushing force from an electrical power source that makes electrons move through a circuit
Voltmeter
Instrument used to measure potential difference
Unit for potential differemce
Volts
Ohm’s law
/V\
/I R\
Electrical power formula
P = V(I)
Power = Voltage x Current
Series circuit
All components are connected in a single loop
Parallel circuit
The components are connected in more than 1 loop or branch
Series circuit:
Description, Current, voltage, if a bulb blows
Description; Single loop
Current; Current is the same for all components
voltage: Divided between components
if a bulb blows: All lights turn off
Parallel circuit:
Description, Current, voltage, if a bulb blows
Description: Branches
Current: Spit across different branches
voltage: The same as the source for each component
if a bulb blows: Only lights on the incomplete branch turn off
Direct current
Current flows in 1 direction
Alternating current
Current flows in both dirrections
Rectifier
Converts alternating current into direct current for appliances
Diode
Only allows the current to flow in 1 direction
LED
Light Emitting Diode
LDR
Light Dependent Resistor
Circuit breakers
If the current is too strong, the circuit breaker will turn the circuit off to prevent an overload
Fuses
If a fault occurs, the fuse melts, breaking the circuit
