Culture Slides

Question 1

culture

Answer 1

Knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects passed to others over time that help us to deal with real-life problems

Question 2

material culture

Answer 2

tangible, artifacts, physical objects

Question 3

non - material

Answer 3

values, beliefs, traditions

Question 4

culture is…

Answer 4

learned (values)
shared (symbols, hockey)
transmitted (intergenerational)
cumulative
sum total of socially transmitted ideas, practices, and material objects

Question 5

cultural survival kits (abstraction, cooperation, production)

Answer 5

abstraction - the ability to use symbols such as language
cooperation - the ability to construct norms and laws
production - using tools and techniques used to take and create what we want

Question 6

building blocks of culture

Answer 6

values - general beliefs of right and wrong
norms - appropriate behaviour
laws - codified norms
sanctions - rewards and punishment

Question 7

cultural relativism and ethnocentrism

Answer 7

cultural relativism assumes every culture has intristic worth while ethnocentrism assumes “our” culture is superior

Question 8

twin faces of culture

Answer 8

culture provides us with more choices and freedom, at times it constrains us

Question 9

multiculturalism

Answer 9

part of culture & freedom
- provides minorities with rights
- globalization - increased trade, communication, production

Question 10

rights revolution

Answer 10

part of culture & freedom
- 1948 Universal Declaration of Human rights
- compensation for past injustices

Question 11

postmodernism

Answer 11

part of culture & freedom
- an eclectic mixing of elements from different times and places
- the erosion of authority
- a decline of consensus about core values

Question 12

rationalization

Answer 12

part of culture & constraints
- the Werkiglocken ( 1. efficiency, 2. calculability, 3. predictability, 4. control)
- McDonaldization
- Consumerism (the nag factor)

Question 13

sapir-wolf hypothesis

Answer 13

language is important, if language is lost, culture is lost, our language determines our thought
Kendall (2008) points out that in Lesotho they have no lesbians because there is no such word

Question 14

language and gender

Answer 14

• women use more modifiers and tag questions
• women have more variety in their vocabulary for colours, textures, food, clothing, cooking, and parenting
• men use the imperative form more often than women
• men use expletives more often than women do
• women are more likely to disclose aspects of their personal lives and feelings
• men talk more at the beginning of a relationship than they do later one

Question 15

subcultures

Answer 15

groups in society with their own distinct values, norms, folkways, and mores

Question 16

countercultures

Answer 16

Subcultures that oppose the dominant culture