Culture - Paper 1 Flashcards
What is culture?
Culture is the shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices of a group of people.
Define ‘subculture’.
A subculture is a group within a larger culture that has its own distinct values and behaviors.
True or False: Norms are the rules that govern behavior in a society.
True
What is the difference between material and non-material culture?
Material culture refers to physical objects and artifacts, while non-material culture includes beliefs, values, and norms.
Fill in the blank: The process by which individuals learn and internalize the values and norms of their culture is called ______.
socialization
What does ‘ethnocentrism’ mean?
Ethnocentrism is the practice of evaluating other cultures based on the standards of one’s own culture.
Name a key study related to culture.
The study of the ‘Nacirema’ by Horace Miner.
What is cultural relativism?
Cultural relativism is the principle of understanding other cultures on their own terms without judgment.
True or False: Globalization has no impact on local cultures.
False
What is ‘high culture’?
High culture refers to cultural products and activities that are associated with the elite or upper classes.
What is ‘pop culture’?
Pop culture refers to mainstream cultural products and activities that are widely accessible and enjoyed by the general public.
Fill in the blank: ______ is the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.
Cultural diffusion
What does the term ‘cultural hybridity’ refer to?
Cultural hybridity refers to the blending and mixing of different cultural elements to create new forms.
True or False: Symbols are only physical objects.
False
Define ‘values’ in the context of culture.
Values are deeply held beliefs about what is important or desirable in a society.
What is the role of language in culture?
Language is a primary means of communication and a vehicle for transmitting cultural values and norms.
What is ‘cultural imperialism’?
Cultural imperialism is the dominance of one culture over others, often through media and consumer products.
What does ‘social identity’ refer to?
Social identity refers to the way individuals define themselves in relation to groups they are a part of.
Fill in the blank: ______ are informal rules that govern behavior in society.
Norms
What is meant by ‘cultural lag’?
Cultural lag refers to the period of time it takes for society to adjust to new technological or social changes.
True or False: Folkways are less strict than mores.
True
What is a ‘mores’?
Mores are norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.
Define ‘counterculture’.
Counterculture is a cultural group that actively rejects and opposes the dominant cultural norms.
What does ‘cultural transmission’ mean?
Cultural transmission is the process by which culture is passed from one generation to another.
What is ‘socialization’?
Socialization is the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values and norms of their culture.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the shared way of life of a group of people.
culture
What is the impact of technology on culture?
Technology influences culture by changing the way we communicate, access information, and interact with each other.
True or False: Cultural norms can change over time.
True
What is ‘cultural shock’?
Cultural shock is the feeling of disorientation experienced when encountering a different culture.
Define ‘cultural assimilation’.
Cultural assimilation is the process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group.
What are ‘rituals’?
Rituals are formalized actions that are often repeated and are significant within a culture.
Fill in the blank: ______ is a term used to describe the blending of different cultural elements.
Cultural syncretism
What does the term ‘cultural diversity’ refer to?
Cultural diversity refers to the variety of cultural expressions and practices within a society.
True or False: Culture is static and does not evolve.
False
What is ‘cultural appropriation’?
Cultural appropriation is the adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without permission.
What is a ‘cultural icon’?
A cultural icon is a symbol that is widely recognized and represents specific cultural values or beliefs.
Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the shared expectations and rules that guide behavior in a society.
Social norms
What is ‘cultural performance’?
Cultural performance refers to the expression of cultural identity through art, music, and theater.
Define ‘collective memory’.
Collective memory is the shared pool of knowledge and information that is held by a group.
What is the significance of ‘symbols’ in culture?
Symbols represent ideas or concepts and are essential for communication and cultural expression.
True or False: All cultures have the same values and norms.
False
What does ‘cultural identity’ refer to?
Cultural identity refers to the identity or feeling of belonging to a group based on shared culture.
