Culture and values

Question 1

Define Culture

Answer 1

Culture is the behaviours, beliefs, attitudes and traditions shared by a group of people and passed on from one generation to the next

Question 2

List some things that culture effects

Answer 2

Attitudes
Behaviour
Child rearing practises
What is deemed acceptable behaviour

Question 3

Define what individualistic culture is

Answer 3

Cultures that emphasise personal achievement over that of the group
Independence is valued
Reliance and dependence frowned upon
Big sense of competition

Question 4

Define what collectivist culture is

Answer 4

Emphasise family and group goals above individual needs or desires
Everyone encouraged to be an active member of society
Strong cohesive groups

Question 5

The negatives to collectivist cultures

Answer 5

People can have a strong fear of rejection

Question 6

The negatives to individualistic cultures

Answer 6

People are susceptible to loneliness

Question 7

Define attitude

Answer 7

(Katz, 1960) Attitude is defined as an opinion established over time about ourselves, issues and other people
Negative or positive (direction)
Strong weak (intensity)

Question 8

How are attitudes formed

Answer 8

Through experience, and interactions with others

Effected by culture, gender, age and spiritual beliefs

Question 8

How are attitudes formed

Answer 8

Through experience, and interactions with others

Question 9

What do attitudes do

Answer 9

They guide behaviours and assist with dealing with complex information about the social world

Question 10

What is the structure of attitudes

Answer 10

A - affective component: peoples feelings/emotions about the object “I like dogs”
B - behavioural component: the way the attitude influences how we act or behave “I am going to buy a dog”
C - cognitive component: a persons belief/knowledge about the object “ This dog is good for my mental health”
ABC MODEL OF ATTITUDES (Hovland, 1980)

Question 11

What are the 3 ways to measure attitude

Answer 11

Observational methods
Qualitative self reports
Quantitative self reports

Question 12

When and how do you use the observational research methods (in relation to attitudes)

Answer 12

When the person being observed is unaware of being observed

Used when the attitude being observed is something people may not be honest about

Question 13

What are qualitative self reports

Answer 13

When the participants provides spoken or written answers to questions

Question 14

What are quantitative self reports

Answer 14

When the participant answers questions with a limited choice of answers (eg. yes/no/undecided)

Question 15

Give an example of a quantitative self report test and describe it

Answer 15

The Likert scale - form of a rating scale, extent at which the PP agrees or disagrees with the statement (strongly disagree to strongly agree)

Question 16

What is Dudgeon et al’s work

Answer 16

Stated that the following are important to Aboriginal people:

• connection to land
• creation and the dreaming
• kinship and family
• the role of death (grieving and funeral practices)