Culture and Media Influence

Question 1

Culture infleunce

Answer 1

If gender behaviour is universal if must be biological, if culturally specific thei is it culturally controlled

Question 2

Culture Differences Studies

Answer 2

Mead and Malinowski

Question 3

Mead

Answer 3

Conducted ethnographic research in New Guinea tribes
- Mundugamore = masculine
- Arapesh = feminine
- Tchambuli = reverse

Question 4

Malinowski

Answer 4

Trobriand females were highly sexually aggressive

Question 5

Cultural similarities studies

Answer 5

Buss and Munroe + Munroe

Question 6

Buss

Answer 6

37 cultures = universal aspects of attraction
- males = fertile
- women = resources

Question 7

Munroe + Munroe

Answer 7

Most societies divide
- men as breadwinners
- women as nurturers

Question 8

Culture conclusion

Answer 8

Some elements of gender are biological

Question 9

Culture AO3 - ppt reactivity

Answer 9

Demand characteristics + investigator effects

Question 10

Culture AO3 - communication

Answer 10

Difficult so could missinterpret subtle concepts

Question 11

Culture AO3 - imposed etic

Answer 11

we bring bias with is e.g. aggression is based on western ideas

Question 12

Media

Answer 12

We see role models who we identify with, and want to imitate, perform gender appropriate behaviours so we have high belief we are capable of carrying out behaviour in the future

Question 13

Media Bussey + Bandura

Answer 13

Media provides clear and rigid stereotypes
- male as advice givers
- women and advice seekers

Question 14

Media Furnham + Farragher

Answer 14

Media shows men in profession contexts and women in dometics settings

Question 15

Media AO3 - cause and effect

Answer 15

Children already with beliefs may seek media to reinforce them

Question 16

Media AO3 - control group

Answer 16

Lack of a control group as vast majority of children are exposed to media

Question 17

Media AO3 + Williams et al

Answer 17

Town in Columbia about to receive TV signals for the first time (Notel)
- survey on behaviour and attitudes prior and two years after
- also on unitel (one channel) and multitel (multiple channel) towns
- -> unitel and notel had less sex role stereotypical views and behaviours than multitel
- -> notel with TV had more gender stereotype attitudes and behaviours