cultural variations in attachment - evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

what is a strength for van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg’s study ?

A
  • there was a total of almost 2000 babies and the primary attachement figure
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2
Q

why and how is this strength for the research ?

A
  • as a large sample size increases the internal validity of the study by reducing the impact of anomalous results caused by bad methodology or very unusual participants
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3
Q

what is a limitation towards Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg
?

A
  • are confounding variables on the findings
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4
Q

what does this mean ?

A
  • certain characteristics weren’t accounted for
    –> such as poverty, social class and urban/rural
  • some environmental variables weren’t necessarily controlled between studies , i.e size of the room
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5
Q

what does it mean for the research ?

A
  • difficult to compare results on non-matched studies , as they may not tell us anything about cross-cultural patterns of attachment
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6
Q

what is a strength within Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg about meta-analysis ?

A
  • looked at used indigenous researchers from same background as the participants
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7
Q

what is an example of strength of meta-analysis research ?

A
  • Takahashi studying Japanese attachment and Grossmann studying German attachment
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8
Q

what effect does it have on the research ?

A
  • it means that many of the potential issues that come from misinterpreting or difficulty understanding indigenous language/behaviour are reduced
    –> overall increases the validity of the data collected
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9
Q

what is imposed etic ?

A
  • means that tools are being used are often designed in 1 culture and then imposed on another
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10
Q

what does it mean that cross-cultural research is suffering from imposed etic ?

A
  • as strange situation was created by an American based assumptions that the researcher has
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11
Q

what is an example of imposed etic ?

A
  • in germany a lack of separation anxiety and pleasure on reunion might be seen as independence and security by a German standards rather than insecurity by Americans
    (Grossmann and Grossmann 1990 )
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12
Q

what problems does this portray ?

A
  • infants aren’t being measured by the standards of their own cultures and so may be being incorrectly categorised
    –> hence leads to the strange situation lacking validity
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13
Q

what is an alternative explanation for similarities ?

A
  • universal similarities in how attachments form is because of an innate drive for survival –> B
  • I + K suggest that at leats some similarity can be attributed to the effects of mass media –> e.g. books, TV , internet etc.
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14
Q

how does this effect parenting ?

A
  • spreads ideas about local parenting techniques across the globe and so children all over the world are potentially exposed to similar influences
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15
Q

what could similarity be down to ?

A
  • increasing global culture rather than down to innate biological influences
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