Cultural variations in attachment Flashcards
What do van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg’s research studies focus on?
Cultural variations in attachment types
What was the percentage of secure attachment in the USA according to one study?
45%
What was the percentage of secure attachment found in another sample in the USA?
90%
In collectivist cultures like China, Japan, and Israel, what was the percentage of insecure-resistant attachment?
Above 25%
What did Alessandra Simonelli et al. (2014) find in their study in Italy regarding secure attachment?
50% were secure
What percentage of insecure-avoidant attachment was found in the Italian study?
36%
What factor did researchers suggest might influence the attachment types in Italy?
Increasing numbers of mothers working long hours and using professional childcare
What was the main finding of the Korean study by Mi Kyoung Lin et al. (2012)?
Most babies were secure, with more being resistant and only one avoidant
How do the attachment type distributions in Korea compare to those in Japan?
Similar distribution with more resistant and fewer avoidant types
What does the research suggest about the nature of attachment types?
Patterns of attachment types are not static but vary with cultural practices
According to the findings, what seems to be the norm for attachment across cultures?
Secure attachment
True or False: The research supports Bowlby’s idea that attachment is innate and universal.
True
Fill in the blank: The overall proportions of insecure and secure babies in the Korean study were similar to those in most _______.
countries
What is the significance of the variations in attachment types found within the same country compared to those between countries?
Variations within the same country were 50% greater
