Cultural Variations In Attachment Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is culture?

A

The shared beliefs and values of members of a particular society.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of cultures?

A

-Individualistic culture.
-Collective culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an individualistic culture?

A

One which values personal independence & achievement above family and work goals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a collectivist culture?

A

One which values family and work goals above personal independence & achievements (high degree of interdependence).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the aim of Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)?

A

To learn how frequency of attachment types vary across different cultures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was the method of Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)?

A

A meta-analysis of 32 Strange Situation studies across 8 different countries using Ainsworth’s Strange Situation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What were the results of Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)?

A

High secure: UK & USA.
High avoidant: Germany.
High resistant: Japan.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the conclusion of Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg (1988)?

A

-Secure (UK & USA): individualistic culture (not being reliant on others). Many children are used to being in day care, but not with strangers, which could explain the avoidant behaviour on separation.
-Avoidant (Germany): Grossman (1985) says German parents seek ‘independent, non-clingy infants’ that ‘obey commands’.
-Resistant (Japan): also an individualistic culture. Japanese children are rarely left by their mothers. The distress shown when the mother leaves is out of shock rather than insecure attachment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are evaluation points of cultural variation?

A

-Strange Situation was designed in America, and may not apply to other cultures.
-18 of the 32 studies were conducted in America.
-There are a lot of countries, as well as continents, missing including Africa and a lot of Asia.
-The Chinese study used a sample of 25 infants to represent around 20% of the global population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly