Cultural Variations

Question 1

Cultural variations

Answer 1

‘Culture’ refers to rules, customs and morals that bind together members of a society. If different cultures raise their children differently this may affect the way the child develops and behaves.

Question 2

Who conducted the cultural variations research?

Answer 2

Van Ljzendoorn with Kroonenburg (1998)

Question 3

What methodology did ljzendoorn use to conduct his research?

Answer 3

Ainsworth’s strange situation

Question 4

What did ljzendoorn aim to test?

Answer 4

He aimed to use the strange situation methodology to test whether inter-cultural differences as well as intra-cultural differences in attachment types.

Question 5

Inter-cultural differences

Answer 5

Differences between different cultures

Question 6

Intra-cultural differences

Answer 6

Differences within the same culture.

Question 7

How did ljzendoorn test his aim?

Answer 7

Meta-analysis

Question 8

How many studies of attachment behaviour did he research?

Answer 8

32

Question 9

Which was the most common attachment type?

Answer 9

Secure

Question 10

Which was the second most common attachment type?

Answer 10

Insecure avoidant

Question 11

Which was the least common attachment type?

Answer 11

insecure resistant

Question 12

Which country had the highest percentage of securely attached children?

Answer 12

Great Britain

Question 13

Which country had the lowest percentage of securely attached children?

Answer 13

China

Question 14

Which country had the most amount of studies?

Answer 14

United States

Question 15

Which countries results were the most similar to the original study?

Answer 15

United States

Question 16

What did Van ljzendoorns research find?

Answer 16

Differences between cultures were small.
secure was the most common attachment type in all countries. Differences within cultures were 1.5x greater than the variation between cultures. The global pattern is similar.