Cultural Variations

Question 1

Individualistic culture

Answer 1

Value independence and the importance of an individual eg westernised society

Question 2

Collectivist culture

Answer 2

Emphasise the importance of a group therefore may share tasks and aspire to depend on one another eg japan and Israel

Question 3

Meta analysis

Answer 3

Research about research and combines several studies on the same topic using secondary data

Question 4

Meta analysis aim

Answer 4

Compare different types of attachment type across a range of countries to assess cultural variation

Question 5

Method meta analysis

Answer 5

32 studies that used strange situation taken from 8 different countries, 1990 children

Question 6

Meta analysis results

Answer 6

Secure attachment most common in all countries 75% Britain 50%china. Least common insecure resistant 4% Britain and 30%israel. Highest insecure avoidant seen in Germany

Question 7

Findings within a culture

Answer 7

Variations within a country seen as 150% greater than between countries

Question 8

Positives of cultural variation

Answer 8

• Use of strange situation - same technique, findings accurate, controlled variables same, consistency and reliability
• mix of collectivist and individualist cultures, aim of study achieved, accurate set of results for cultures they were looking for

Question 9

Weakness of cultural variations

Answer 9

• originally westernised technique, leading kids from collectivist cultures to be heavily distressed making them appear resistant when add attached, to accurate picture of results, validity
• meta analysis, various studies carried out in different ways, can’t be reliability compared, making cross-cultural study meaningless
• some samples very small, can’t generalise whole of nation to small sample not representative eg Sweden and uk, lack of sample size