CULTURAL RELATIVISM

Question 1

refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects, and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

shared way of life of people living together in the same environment

Answer 2

culture

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE
subcultures can exist within cultures

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE
no culture is perfect

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

2 Cultural views to consider

Answer 5

ethnocentrism
xenocentrism

Question 6

the view which holds that all moral principles are valid relative to particular society or individual

Answer 6

ethical relativism

Question 7

it claims that there are no valid moral principles at all (or at least we cannot know whether there are any)

Answer 7

ethical skepticism

Question 8

it assets that there are universally valid moral principles binding on all people

Answer 8

ethical objectivism

Question 9

it is the tendency to perceive and judge others according to one’s cultural standards

Answer 9

ethnocentrism

Question 10

it is the tendency to value other cultures more highly than one’s own

Answer 10

xenocentrism

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE xenocentrism is related to colonial mentality

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

According to the relativist perspective, the rightness or wrongness of an act depends on ___________________ or the ____________________

Answer 12

moral norms of the society; moral inclination of the individual

Question 13

2 forms of ethical relativism

Answer 13

cultural ethical relativism
individual ethical relativism

Question 14

cultural ethical relativism is also known as

Answer 14

cultural conventionalism

Question 15

The rightness or wrongness of an action depends on societies norms

Answer 15

cultural ethical relativism

Question 16

individual ethical relativism is also known as

Answer 16

ethical subjectivism

Question 17

the rightness or wrongness of an action lies on the individual’s own commitments

Answer 17

individual ethical relativism

Question 18

this suggests that an entire community or social group rather than an individual, imposes its own worldview on others and compels them to follow such orientation without question

Answer 18

sociocentrism

Question 19

who said, “man is the measure of all things”

Answer 19

protagoras

Question 20

It claims that there are valid moral principles justified by virtue of their cultural acceptance

Answer 20

cultural ethical relativism

Question 21

this means that people should try to understand and respect the beliefs, traditions, and practices of the cultures of others

Answer 21

tolerance

Question 22

this adheres to the idea that ethical norms differ from one society or culture to another

Answer 22

cultural relativism

Question 23

arguments in the attraction of ethical relativism

Answer 23

diversity argument
dependency argument
toleration argument

Question 24

this argument is premised on the factual or empirical claim that moral beliefs and moral rules vary from culture to culture

Answer 24

diversity argument

Question 25

this argument lies on the view that moral beliefs are true or valid only relative to certain groups

Answer 25

dependency argument

Question 26

this argument acknowledges the differences among various societies in terms of their moral beliefs and practices

Answer 26

toleration argument

Question 27

advantages of cultural relativism

Answer 27

helps avoid moral dictatorship
respects the beliefs of different cultures
promotes unity and harmony among cultures

Question 28

problems arising from cultural relativism

Answer 28

tolerance and acceptance of social injustices and inhumane activities
rejection of higher universalism or common moral standards
assumption of knowledge of other culture is impossible
vulnerability to racial discrimination