Cultural influences on individual behavior Flashcards
What is socialisation?
This is a process of learning the social norms of a culture. There two ways this may take place; enculturation and acculturation
What is enculturation?
this is a lifelong process that helps a person acquire social values, social norms, behaviors, social roles, expectations, language and other tools of a culture. This is how we acquire our first culture and it is a conscious and unconscious conditioning process. parents, friends, etc are strong influences in teaching individuals what are acceptable behaviors and what behaviors should be avoided. An individual should conform to the accepted behaviors or risk being considered deviant by the rest of the society. This is a one-way process. Enculturation is the process by which people learn the necessary and appropriate skills and norms in the
context of their culture.
What is acculturation?
this is a process of socialisation and psychological adjustment that takes place when two cultures come into contact. This is how we acquire our second or third culture. This is the merging of two cultures. this can be a two-way process with both cultures experiencing changes to their language, clothing, customs, and practices. is the process of social and psychological adjustment that takes place when two
different cultures meet. People may change as a result of contact with other cultures in order to assimilate into a new culture.
What are the four ways people experience acculturation?
- Assimilation
- seperation
- integration
- marginalisation
Assimilation
adapting to the new culture and leaving the original culture behind
Seperation
Avoiding interactions with the new culture and holding on to the original culture
Integration
Becoming bi-cultural. Integrating with the new culture whilst still maintaining the original culture
Marginalisation
Leaving the original culture behind but struggling to integrate into the new culture due to discrimination
