Cultural heritage assessment Flashcards
National grid
571km (355 miles) of pylon lines running through national parks and area of outstanding natural beauty (AONB)
snowdonia, peak district, new forest, recon beacons national parks, dorset tamar valley, high weald and north wessex downs AONBs= 25km of lines
underground = 50 metre-wide ranch to be dug about two metres deep 6 lines carried by pylons
hard rocks or archaeological sites can also present obstacles
alternatives incl moving pylons less obstructive locations
high weald AONB in south eat england. 50 metre tall pylons may be down the hill so they wooded slopes behind them rather than sky
+500£ mil to electrically bills over 8 years
£7 m a polo which national grid says is = 22p a year on average customer bil
why does cultural heritage matter?
defines our identity: regionally or nationally
tell us about out past
educational and research
revenue source
what sort of things
buildings historical artefacts ruins landscapes activities- past and present cultural association
Archaelogical
study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture
architectural
buildings
Baseline data: landscapes
desk study may reveal: listed buildings schedules buildings scheduled monuments projected wreck sites registered parks and gardens registered battlefield world heritage sites (UNESCO designated) heritage areas or conservation areas data held by government departments or local authorities and local interest groups who might be consulted
Archaelogical sites
reunited buildings, earthworks, field systems
roman remains
chalk downlands: systems from 300BC visible
Dartmoor field systems from 1400 BC
box grove- chichester- Hominid remains from 500000 years ago
over 600000 known archaeological sites in england
about 2% protected by law
Nature of sites can effect preservation
WetlandsL organic material tends to be well preserved ‘bog bodies’
coastal sites: 7000 years ago much larger land area: many landscapes and remains still present below the sea
Scheduled ancient monuments
protected under ancient monuments and archaeological areas act 1979
over 200 cases of monument incl standing stones, burial mounds, castles, ruined monasteries, collieries wartime, pill boxes
only national important monument are schedules and are protectd by law
cutting across envt aspects
development near a designated or important site might have to take account of a range of factors
noise vibration
impacts on the visual setting
pollution
baseline data- field work mitigation
field work for archaeology may involve geophysical survey digging exploratory pits or trenches
for architecture or landscape it might include visual assessment or survey of users and local people
significant largely about establishing importance and context
mitigation
preservation during construction
potentially watching brief during some stages of construction
visual screening or restoration
management of the water table
Ilusu Dam, Eastern Turkey
on Tigris River, 65 km upstream from syriam border
will cover 313 km2
will generate 1200MW : 2% turkeys energy supply
in an arid, economically impoverish and politically unstable area
total costs: over $2 billion
will flood hasankeyf: ton of 5000 people many living in ancient cave dwellings
evidence of 9 civilisation over 10 000 years
site pilgrimage: 30 000 people per year visit the shrine of the holy Imam Abdullah grandson of Muhammad uncle
meets 9 out of 10 UNESCO criteria from world heritage site designation
liely to be completed by 2016
residnets uncertain about relocation geopolitics are very complicated- kurds, oil, neighbouring countries
