Cultural/Diversity Issues

Question 1

Cultural Competencies

Answer 1

1. Awareness of one’s own assumptions, values, etc.
2. Knowledge about worldviews of diverse clients
3. Skills to provide appropriate and effective treatment to diverse clients

(Sue & Sue, 2003)

Question 2

Acculturation (4 Categories)

Answer 2

Integration
Assimilation
Separation
Marginalization

(Berry)

Question 3

Racial/Cultural Identity Model

Answer 3

1. Conformity - positive attitudes about dominant group
2. Dissonance - confusion/conflict over contradictory attitudes
3. Resistance and immersion - active rejection of dominant group
4. Introspection - uncertainty about rigid beliefs)
5. Integrative awareness - multicultural perspective

Question 4

Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model

Answer 4

Four stages:
1. Pre-encounter - race/identity have low salience
2. Encounter - interest in developing a black identity
3. Immersion/emersion - race/identity have high salience; intense black involvement to strong anti-white attitudes
4. Internalization - race continues to have high salience; multiculturalist orientation

(Cross)

Question 5

Troiden’s Model of Homosexual Identity Development

Answer 5

Four stages:
1. Sensitization/feeling different (middle childhood)
2. Self-recognition/identity confusion (mid- to late-adolescence)
3. Identity assumption (males: 19-21 yrs; females: 21-23 yrs)
4. Identity commitment/integration