Cue Cards Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of Health?
A
“Health is state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
2
Q
What is the definition of Well-being?
A
“encompasses a quality of life and the ability for people and societies to contribute to the world with a sense of meaning and purpose”
3
Q
What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
A
Self-actualization, esteem, love and belonging, safety needs, and physiological needs.
4
Q
In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what does self-actualization mean?
A
Disere to become the most that one can be.
5
Q
In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what does Esteem mean?
A
Respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength and freedom.
6
Q
In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what does loving and belonging mean?
A
Friendship, intimacy, family, and sense of connection.
7
Q
In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what does safety needs mean?
A
Personal safety, employment, resources, health and property
8
Q
In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what does physiological needs mean?
A
Air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing and reproductive
9
Q
Four cornerstones Model of Health
A
Te Whare Tapa Whā
10
Q
What is Te Whare Tapa Whā (Four cornerstones Model of Health)
A
A holistic Model where optimal health is achieved when all 4 components are balanced
11
Q
Te Whare Tapa Whā- Physical name
A
Te taha tinana
12
Q
Te Whare Tapa Whā- Psychological
A
Te taha hinengaro
13
Q
Te Whare Tapa Whā- Spiritual
A
Te taha wairua
14
Q
Te Whare Tapa Whā- (Family/social)
A
Te taha whānau
15
Q
What is the Fonofale Model?
A
Developed by Fuimaono Karl Pulotu-Endemann
Built around the image of the Samoan fale (house)
Bult from culture, physical, spiritual, mental, family and other.
16
Q
The health-illness continuum
A
Health is a constantly changing state moving along a continuum between high level wellness and death. People adapt to changes in their environments to maintain wellbeing.
17
Q
Disease
A
A medical term where there is a pathological change in the structure or functioning of the body/ mind.
18
Q
Illness
A
The unique response of the person to the disease where their level of functioning has changed when compared to their previous level of functioning.
Illness can be classified as Acute (time limited) Chronic (ongoing, no clear end).
19
Q
Effects of illness on whānau
A
Role changes, Stress, Lifelong alterations in roles or lifestyle, Financial stress, Decreased social interactions, Social isolation.
20
Q
What is personhood?
A
Personhood is essentially whats makes us us. All the elements in a person’s life that assemble your individual person.
Who we are as a human, what makes us who we are, our likes/dislikes, our experiences, challenges, what’s important to us and what threatens us.
21
Q
What is person-centredness?
A
Demonstration of respect for personhood through words and actions of the nurse. Developed through the therapeutic relationship.
22
Q
Whats a therapeutic relationship?
A
Therapeutic relationship is when the relationship built between the nurse and the care-recipient is used to promote or restore the wellbeing of the person.
23
Q
What are the aims of nursing and midwifery
A
Nursing and midwifery have similarities in their practices with the underlying focus of person-centred care.
Both occupations require levels of physical, emotional, cultural, social and spiritual knowledge.
The care is not limited to the restoration of physical health but all the areas of life that have been affected by illness, etc.
24
Q
What are the differences between nursing and midwifery?
A
Nurses care for all humans with differing social classes, race, genders, ages focusing on the prevention of illness and promotion of of health maintenance.
Whereas midwifes entirely focus the birthing process of biological women and the aftercare of newly born infants
25
Whats professional practice
Professional practice is being acknowledged as competent with the skills required for person centred care. The ability to qualify for professional practice you must be able to follow the list of domains that your country provides.
In New Zealand you must be confident in your ability to follow their four domains.
26
What are the four domains of professional practice in NZ?
1) Professional Responsibility
2) Management of nursing care
3) Interpersonal relationships and Interprofessional health care
4) Quality improvement
27
How is personhood translated into person-centredness?
As described before person centred care or person-centredned is respecting and considering your patience's personhood while in your care. This may mean changing methods slightly to ensure the patients spiritual, cultural and other needs are maintained. In brief terms specialising your care to every person you see.
28
How do you ask whether someone is spiritual?
What are you connected to?
What do you believe?
Do you connect to something larger than you?
What's your purpose?
What that thing do they still need in their life?
29
What are the similarities between te whare tapa wha and maslows hierarchy of needs?
They have similar concepts. Both talk about the importance of physical, spiritual, social, and psychological needs. Maslows needs would be more Westernised. Te whare tapa what would be more simplistic.
30
How can you prevent illness? (Primary prevention)
educational programs in areas such as antenatal care for pregnant women, smoking-cessation programs, and stress-reduction seminars
community programs and resources that encourage healthy lifestyles, such as aerobic exercise classes and healthy ageing programs
advice on healthy nutrition, obtaining adequate rest, exercise, and the importance of good health habits
health assessments in hospitals, clinics, and community settings that identify areas of strength and risks of illness.
31
What does IPE stand for?
Interprofessional education.
32
What is IPE in health care?
Interprofessional education brings all healthcare professionals together.
When two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable collaboration and improve health outcomes.
This teaches members how to work with other HC professionals to deliver adequate patient care.
Tries to replicate real-world work environments.
33
Why does collaborative practice matter?
- Improved workplace practices and productivity
- Improved patient outcomes
- Better staff morale
- Improved patient safety
- Better access to health care
- Decreases: in patient complications, length of hospital stay, staff turnover, clinical errors and mortality rates
34
What does a multidisciplinary team mean?
A variety of health professionals, working collaboratively to deliver patient care
35
What are the five steps to the nursing process?
ADPIE
1) Assessment/data collection
2) Data analysis/problem identification
3) Planning
4) Implementation
5) Evaluation
36
What is the purpose of the "assessment/data collection" step of the nursing process?
(Step 1 of nursing process)
Help determine the persons health status, Identify abnormalities, prioritise care/ plan implementation, identify actual and potential problems.
You can gather information from the patient, family, healthcare provider, medical record and diagnostic tests.
Assessments/ data collection are ongoing throughout care and do not stop after the first initial assessment.
37
What are the kinds of assessments you can perform on a patient?
- General survey
- Emergency assessment – Primary survey
- Secondary survey
- Comprehensive assessment
- Focused assessment
- Ongoing systematic or time-lapsed
assessment
38
What is a general survey?
A general survey may be described as an overall review or first impression that the health care provider has of a person's well being. This could be as simple as a visual observation and encompasses the following examples and components dependent to some extent on age.
39
What is a secondary survey?
The secondary survey is a methodical check to assess a responsive casualty for any other injuries or illnesses.
It includes a systematic, head-to-toe history and physical exam. Each body region is examined carefully to avoid missing an injury.
40
What's subjective data?
Subjective – information known only by the person – experience of the problem, pain, feelings
41
Whats objective data?
Objective – information directly observed or elicited by examination techniques
42
What is the purpose of the data "analysis/problem identification" step?(Step 2 of the nursing process)
Once the data is collected, the nurse uses the information gained to identify a problem or problems and prioritize those problems.
The nursing diagnosis is typically made up of the identified problem or a potential problem, related or associated factors, and defining characteristics such as signs and symptoms.
43
What is the purpose of the "planning" step?
(Step 3 of the nursing process)
In this step, the nurse uses data collected to plan the patient’s care.
This step also includes the development of patient goals. These goals can be short- or long-term.
44
What is the purpose of the "implementation" step of the nursing process?
(Step 4 of the nursing process)
In this step, the nurse carries out or delegates interventions. During this step, it’s necessary to understand the reason for and/or rationale behind the intervention. Needs to ensure that all interventions are done.
45
What is the purpose of the "evaluation" step?
(Step 5 of the nursing process)
Determines if goals have been met.
Determines the effectiveness of interventions and documents the patient’s response to interventions.
If interventions have been effective, no changes need to be made.
If they have been ineffective, adjustments to the plan of care need to be developed and carried out.
46
Why is the nursing process important?
“The nursing process helps the nursing student to identify patient problems or potential problems, develop a plan for addressing the problem or potential problem, and evaluate the effectiveness of the plan. This helps to ensure that patient needs are met.”
47
What is the nursing process abbreviation?
ADPIE
48
What does VIPS stand for?
Value base, individualised care, patient’s perspective, social environment
49
What is the purpose of VIPS?
To help assess the patient's needs and to help plan effective care. (Person-centred care)
50
What is the purpose of the v (value) part of VIPS
V stands for value base. It affirms the value of each human, irrespective of age and cognitive ability. Valuing your person and their value base is the foundation for individualised care.
51
What is the purpose of the I (individualised care) part of VIPS
I is individualised care that considers the individual’s distinctiveness and holistic needs
52
What is the purpose of the P (patient’s perspective) part of VIPS
P is about seeing the world from the patient’s perspective, to ensure that the health professional takes the patient’s point of view into account when providing care
53
What is the purpose of the S (social environment) part of VIPS?
S is about maintaining a social environment that supports the patient’s psychological needs, including their mental, emotional and spiritual needs
54
What is the SMART goal-setting approach? (Planing interventions/ goals)
■ Specific
■ Measurable
■ Achievable
■ Realistic
■ Timely (within a defined time frame).
55
What are the three components of reflective practice?
1) Self-awareness
2) Reflection
3) Critical thinking
56
Whats self-awareness?
To be self-aware, three interrelated aspects of cognition (thinking), affect (feeling), and behaviour (acting) must be considered.
Self-awareness is the foundation of reflective practice
57
What are the three layers of self-awareness?
Superficial awareness
Selective awareness
Deeper awareness
58
What are the four aspects to the Johari
Window: A self-awareness tool
Open self
Hidden self
Blind self
Unknown self
59
What is Reflection?
‘The deliberate process of critically thinking about a clinical experience, which leads to development of insights for potential practice change’
60
What are Schön's three kinds of reflection?
Reflection in action: ‘here & now’
Reflection on action: ‘after the fact’
Reflection for action: ‘desired outcome’
61
What are the six parts to the Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle
Description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion, action plan
62
What's Critical Thinking
‘Purposeful, informed, outcome-focused thinking that requires careful identification of the key problems, issues, and risks’
* Critical thinking activities are dynamic, and the thinker may combine steps or move backward and forwards and are dependent on reflection.
63
Why is documenting important? (7)
1) Communication between members of the healthcare team
2) Continuity of care – care planning
3) Ensure a high standard of clinical care
4) Early detection of problems/changes in patient’s health
5) Provides evidence of evaluating effectiveness of care given – quality review
6) Research
7) Legal and historical – If it’s not charted, it wasn’t done
64
What is effective documentation? (6)
Accurate
Complete
Factual
Concise
Timely and organised
Legibly written
65
What are problem-oriented medical records?
Uses SOAP/SOAPIE format (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan, Intervention, Evaluation)
66
What is Focus charting?
– identifies specific concerns, strength, and need
Data, Action, Response – often linked to flow charts, checklists of ongoing assessment
67
What is Narrative charting?
Narrative charting – nursing interventions and their impact on client outcomes is documented chronologically
68
What does SOAPIE stand for?
Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan, Intervention and Evaluation.
69
What are the benefits of electronic records?
Created to support timely, accurate, secure and confidential recording of patient information.
Allows for sharing of information across health system.
Permanent record, tracks access to client information.
70
How can you protect online patient records?
Logging off when stepping away from the device, angle monitors away from public view, only access client information when is required, be careful of pre-populated text when you are documenting something out of the normal.
71
What are NZNO Documentation guidelines?
- Record date, time, signature, designation
- Record chronologically as soon as possible as time care given
- Patient comments record as “patient reports…” Mr X states…
- Record/cross reference to obs and evaluations
- Record patient care and response to that care
- Record incidents that occur and actions taken in response to these
- Write objectively, be specific
- Use correct terminology – cyanosis instead of “blue”
- Use abbreviations consistent with facility policies
72
What are things you shouldnt do when documenting?
- Rely on memory
- Erase entries. If you make an errors, strike it through so the original can still be read. Sign and note the entry as an error
- Make assumptions or use subjective/judgmental language
- Leave blank spaces
- Make entries on behalf of another health professional
- Write additional information at a later date unless its essential (if essential, it is written as a retrospective entry with date/time of entry and date/time of care)
- Use generalisations (good, normal, etc)
73
When should you report care? (Tell others/handover)
Change of shift reporting
Telephone reporting - ISBAR
Discharge/transfer of care report
Reports to family/whanau members
74
Define Health literacy
“the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services in order to make informed and appropriate health decisions”
75
Health literacy is more than understanding a health condition and treatment, it also includes
Finding your way around the many different parts of the health system
Understanding your health condition(s), including what makes it better or worse
Use your medicines safely
Giving informed consent to medical procedures
Preventing illness and your health getting worse
Managing long-term health conditions well
76
What is the importance of health literacy? Why is it relevant to NZ/ all people
Health literacy helps
- Maintain and promote health
- Prevention of illness
- Restore health
- Facilitate coping.
Health literacy affects all aspects of health care – prevention, acute care, long-term conditions, public health
Health literacy affects people of all ages and socioeconomic status
Everyone in New Zealand (including health professionals) will experience episodes of low health literacy at some stage in their lives.
Health literacy can be built
56.2% of adult New Zealanders have poor health literacy skills
77
What is the nursing role in health literacy
The role of health professionals includes finding out what patients already know and then explaining the new and unfamiliar things they will experience.
If the explanations are inadequate from a patient perspective, it is not the fault of ‘low health literacy’ but rather the fault of poor service delivery.
78
How can you be an effective teacher?
Teaching must be ongoing and interactive.
Create a welcoming environment
Communicate clearly
be creative in your approaches
Use basic language, try to stay away from nursing jargon
Ask them questions
It must recognise the areas requiring education that have been identified by the person and their family, through the learning needs assessment process. (If they are confused provide extra information, pan flips etc)
Take into account the person's plan of care, educational level, and need for care across the continuum from the hospital to the home. Assess these and just your teaching accordingly.
Get them to repeat what you said
79
What are the three ways people learn
Cognitive, affective, and psychomotor
80
What is Health Promotion
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health.
It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.
81
When were the united nations created?
1945
82
When was the world health organisation created and who by?
1948 and by the UN
83
What was the significance of the Declaration of Alma-Ata (1978)
Assembled by WHO and UNICEF
Focused world attention on primary health care as the key to achieving an acceptable level of health throughout the world.
Principles:
- Equity
- Social Justice
- Empowerment
84
What did Ottawa Charter do and what are their "health prerequisites for health promotion"
Ottawa Charter founded a document that states fundamental conditions (prerequisites) and resources that every person must have for health to be maintained.
These conditions are
peace, shelter, education, food, income, a stable ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity.
They say that Improvement in health requires a secure foundation in
these basic prerequisites.
85
What did the Health and Disability System Review 2020 recommend to change?
Recommend system-level changes that:
- Are sustainable
- Lead to more equitable outcomes
- Shift from treatment of illness to health and wellbeing
86
When did the Health and Disability Reform Pae Ora (Healthy Futures Act 2022) take effect and what are the four entities it established?
Took effect 1st July 2022 and
established four entities:
- Te Whatu Ora, Health New Zealand
- A new Public Health Agency
- Te Aka Whai Ora, Māori Health Authority
- Whaikaha, Ministry of Disabled People
87
What is the Pae Ora New
Health System aim?
Embedding a Te Tiriti dynamic health system
Health equity matters for everyone
Implementing a population health approach
Ensuring a sustainable health service delivery system
88
What is Te Whatu Ora responsible for?
Responsible for the day to day running of the health system across the country
Manages all health services including hospital and specialist services, primary health and community services
The previous 20 DHBs were disestablished in order to plan nationally but delivery services regionally
89
What is Te Aka Whai Ora (Maori health authority) responsible for?
Has shared responsibility alongside Te Whatu Ora to decisionmaking, planning and delivery.
Establish local community iwi-Māori partnership boards to help
shape health and wellbeing services
90
What is Whaikaha ministry of disabled people responsible for?
Based on Te Tiriti o Waitangi and UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Rolling out a strengths based approach that enables disabled
people to have more choice and control over their lives and the support they receive (Enabling Good Lives)
Improving accessibility – removing barriers to participation for disabled people, tāngata whaikaha Māori and others with accessibility needs
Establishing an independent Accessibility Governance Board so that disabled people are involved in decision making at higher levels.
91
What is the public health agency responsible for?
Leads all public health and population health policy, strategy, regulatory, intelligence, surveillance and monitoring.
Greater emphasis on determinants of health (e.g. employment, housing, etc)
Public Health units sit under Te Whatu Ora – where services are provided
Advising the government on policies.
92
What's the sports analogy of the new system?
Te whatu ora is a player. They work. Winning is healthy society/ health equity. The coaches are Te Aka Whai Ora
Refs health and safety commissioner.
93
Whats Primary health care
A broad ‘whole of society’ approach to wellbeing, emphasising client involvement, universal access, affordability
Addresses the broader determinants of health
Pae Ora– based on principles of the Ottawa Charter (1986)
94
Whats Community based care
Providing health care to people who live in a defined geographical area
Centred on the individual and whānau needs
Providing services where and when they are needed
95
Whats Primary prevention
Primary preventive care is directed towards promoting health
and preventing the development of disease processes. Healthrisk assessments are an important part of primary preventive
care.
96
Whats Secondary prevention
Secondary preventive care focuses on early detection of
disease, prompt intervention and health maintenance for the
person experiencing health problems. The goal of secondary
preventive care is to reverse or reduce the severity of the
disease or to provide a cure (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2004)
97
Whats Tertiary prevention
Tertiary preventive care begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated to reduce disability and to help rehabilitate the person to a maximum level of functioning.
98
What are nurses roles in the
community for prevention
* Advocate
* Educator
* Case manager/coordinator
* Referral agent
* Clinician
99
What is Continuity of care
A process by which health care providers give appropriate, integrated care that facilitates the person’s transition between different settings and levels of care
Goal of continuity of care is maximising recovery and health of the individual
Fits into the nursing process ADPIE – assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementation, evaluation
Discharge planning
100
Tell me about Black block Nurse & Native Nursing
Black block: 1909-1930s
Established to care for the European settlers. Rural isolated community
Native nursing: 1911-1930
Established to care for Maori and
become known as district nurses in the 1930s. Community, rural and Marae
101
When was plunket nurses established?
Plunket started Karitane/Dunedin 1906 : current Whānau Āwhina Plunket. 85% newborns Aotearoa.
102
Tell me about Rural Nurse Specialist (RNS) & Rural Nurse
1990s- continues to this day
- Identified area of nursing incorporating a mixture of Practice Nursing, Public Health Nursing, District Nursing, Hospital care, and PRIME Emergency ‘24 hour’ on call practitioner.
* & Nurse Practitioner
* Rural community
103
What knowledge must you know for rural nursing
Rural Community, Rural Culture, Rural services, Rural Visitors/Tourism, Rural models of health care, Rural Knowledge, research and education
104
What is the range of rural visitors
1 to 70 people
105
Why is caring important for nursing?
- Caring is about the ability to develop relationships
- Lack of caring is obvious to others
- Having an understanding of the context of illness and being able to empathise with a patients situation will help you develop individualised nursing care plans, that will be
effective and improve patient outcomes.
106
Why is Empathy important for nursing?
* Communicated via touch, and how we speak, our actions, and is in essence how we are perceived by others
* Trust
* Respect
* Cultural awareness
* Innate vs learned behaviour
107
What's Emotional intelligence? and what are the components?
EI is the ability to deal effectively with interpersonal relationships and understand emotions. It is essential for nursing
Components of EI are – self-awareness, self-motivation, self-control, situational awareness, empathy and leadership
108
Define SUSTAINABILITY
The ability to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
109
What is the sustainability four principles
Reduce
1) Activities/impacts that result in minerals extracted from the
Earth’s crust
2) Activities/impacts that result in man – made and synthetic
substances accumulating
3) Activities/impacts which directly damage
4) Be ethical
110
What is a SUSTAINABLE PRACTITIONER
A sustainable practitioner is able to apply frameworks of sustainable practice (ecological, social, political, and economic) to the context of their industry, occupation in order to challenge existing practices and develop more sustainable ways.
111
HOW CAN YOU ASSIST INDIVIDUALS
AND COMMUNITIES TO BE
SUSTAINABLE?
Operational
* Health promotion
* Health education
* Primary healthcare
* Reduce, reuse, recycle
Strategic
* Be active politically
* Contribute to nursing
112
What are the four things us as nurses should consider when talking about sustainability
Environmental, financial, human, material
113
What are the UN sustainability goals
No poverty, no hunger, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, climate action, life below water and on land, etc
114
What is Competency 1.2 (Maori)
Demonstrate the ability to apply the principles of Treaty of Waitangi / Te Tiriti o Waitangi to practice
* Understands Treaty of Waitangi/Te Tiriti and its relevance to health of Maori in NZ
* Demonstrates understanding of differing health/socio economic status of Maori and non Maori
* Applies the principles of Treaty/Tiriti to nursing practice
115
What is Competency 1.5 (Maori)
Practices in a manner which that the client determines as being culturally safe
Applies the cultural safety principles in own nursing practice
Recognises the impact of the culture of nursing on the client and endeavours to protect the client’s wellbeing within this culture
Practices in a way that respects each client’s identity and right to hold personal beliefs
Assists the client to gain appropriate support and representation from those who understand the clients’ culture, needs and preferences
116
What's the Memorandum of Understanding
Signed in January 2004 between Otago Polytechnic and four local Papatipu Runanga |Runaka
Established “Treaty based partnership”
117
What is Nursing Diagnosis and what is the process?
* Validate your data
* Recognition of abnormality
* Document your data
Then make your nursing diagnosis….
A diagnosis can be about an actual problem, a potential problem/risk, health promotion or a syndrome.
118
What kind of nursing diagnosis can you make (3)
Problem-focused, Risk focused, Health Promotion focused.
119
What is an example of a problem-focused nursing diagnosis?
Impaired skin integrity related to pressure over bony prominence as evidenced by redness, bleeding and pain.
120
What is an example of a risk-focused nursing diagnosis?
Risk of falls as evidenced by unsteady gait and dizziness when standing.
121
What is an example of Health
Promotion nursing diagnosis?
Readiness to quit smoking as evidence by patient verbalising willingness to quit.
122
How can you aid Reflective Practice
* Reflection will not productively happen on its own.
* create time
* move to the ‘how’ instead of ‘why’
* use tools that help you
* reflect on the reflection
* disseminate your learning
123
Why is reflection in terms of Rn competencies important?
In contemporary practice, the professional RN is expected to be able to analyse their own practice through reflection and self-assessment.
NCNZ Competency 1.5; 2.6 & 2.8
Captured often in professional portfolios
124
In the description part of the reflective cycle, what do you write?
You write what happened
125
In the evaluation part of the Gibbs reflective cycle, what do you write?
What was good and bad about the experience? Was there anything that was interesting, difficult, surprising?
126
In the analysis part of the Gibbs reflective cycle, what do you write?
What sense you can make of the situation? How do past experiences compare to this?
127
In the feelings part of the reflective cycle, what do you write?
What you were thinking and feeling
127
In the conclusion part of the Gibbs reflective cycle, what do you write?
What else could have been done? What did you learn for the future?
thoughts or conclusions you can take away from your role?
128
In the action plan part of the Gibbs reflective cycle, what do you write?
If the chance arose again what would you do? What would you change?
129
How does reflection aid a RN
Reflective practice is known to lead to deeper understanding & development of judgement, thus enhancing clinical decision making skills
130
What was the purpose of the Ottawa Charter (1986)
CHARTER for action to achieve Health for All by the year 2000 and beyond.
Great significance with health promotion.
131
Ottawa Charter made a public charter to show how the community can help achieve health for all. What can the community do?
- Create supportive envrionmnets
- Reorteintate health services
- Enable, Mediate and Advocate for health promotion
An Example- Smoking. Policies changed. smoke-free environment. Taxing cigarette. Education about side effects. Imaging on the cigarette packets. Second-hand smoke. Alternatives made (gum, patches, pills).
132
What did the Health and Disability System Review 2020 recognise about New Zealand?
- Fragmented health system
- More disabled people
- Ageing Population
- Rural population
- Increasing populations of Pacific
People and Asian populations
- Increase in burden of chronic
diseases
133
What is a therapeutic relationship
A therapeutic relationship is when the relationship built between the nurse and the care recipient is used to promote or restore the well-being of the person. The care is customised for the patient.
134
Define empathy
“Empathy refers to the ability to recognise and understand the
essence or reality of an individual’s experience and to communicate that understanding back to the individual”
135
What was the Declaration of Independence? (1835)
James Busby came from NSW and a trade was established with Australia.
Recognised by King William IV, it declared New Zealand's independence as a sovereign nation under the Māori chiefs.
136
What did the Declaration of independence state?
1. The chiefs/heads of the tribes of northern NZ declared to be an independent state under the designation of the united tribes of NZ on the 28th day of October 1835
2. All the power is given to the chiefs and heads of tribes and no government can be created within specific territories unless appointed by them.
3. Chiefs meet at Waitangi in autumn each year to make laws for justice, order and regulations about trade. Asked southern tribes to put aside their problems for the safety and welfare of the country and join the confederation of the united tribes.
4. A copy was sent to the king of England thanking him for his acknowledgement of the country, which granted friendship and protection to people who settled in NZ.
