CUA1 - Culture Flashcards
Why is context important for learning?
- all learning is contextual
- students connect classroom ideas with their own experience
What is the difference between schooling and learning? How have these concepts changed over time?
Schooling: knowledge is passed from expert to learner
Learning: knowledge is gained over time
What are some ways intelligence has been defined?
- intelligence is malleable and shaped by experience
- intelligence takes many forms
What is meant by dominant culture or language, resilience, and deficit theory?
- dominant culture is the culture of non-minority students
- resilience is self concept, motivation for learning, etc
- deficit theories state that minorities do poorly in school because they lack intelligence
Anthropologists Garcia and Geertz and their understanding of culture.
- Garcia: culture is values, beliefs, notions of acceptable and unacceptable behavior, and other socially constructed ideas which society is taught are true
- Geertz: shared webs of meaning
How do individual differences work together in a cultural identity?
Individuals in a culture have different values but they are more similar than those of different cultural groups.
Lev Vygotsky
- concept of Zone of Proximal Development
- Why is ZPD good for teaching and learning
- work forms the basis for sociocultural approach to developmental psychology
- scaffolding/ creating circumstances for learning
- ZPD helps students build knowledge and connect that knowledge to their own lives
Individualist perspective of culture
Focuses on individual achievement
Collectivist perspective of culture
Focuses on group achievement
Ogbu’s concept of voluntary and involuntary minorities
Voluntary: freely immigrate to another country
Involuntary: conquered, colonized, or overtaken by another culture
How can Ogbu’s ideas inform culturally responsive pedagogy?
Use cultural differences to inform how students are expected to learn. Translate knowledge of culture into instructional practice.
Edward Hall
- Proxemic theory
- famous anthropologist famous for his work in nonverbal communication and cultural categorization
- people will maintain differing degrees of personal distance depending on the social setting and their cultural background
Hall’s ideas on high and low cultures
This way of looking at cultures shows the degree to which cultures tend toward a collectivist (group) orientation or an individual orientation in verbal and nonverbal communication.
- high: underlying context, meaning and tone, and not just words
- low: explicitly stated with no risk of confusion, muddying words slows communication
Stages of Culture Shock
- 1) Optimism, Excitement : belief in overcoming obstacles
- 2) Shock : the host culture is too different
- 3) Superficial Adjustment : changes are made but the new cultural is always compared to the old
- 4) Frustration, Depression : real problems overwhelm and no support is found
- 5) Identification with Host : the new culture is appreciated without giving up cultural identity
Kohl’s Chart
