ASA1 Assessment Theory

Question 1

Backwash (washback)

Answer 1

The residual effects of an assessment on learners

• Positive: Positive washback is said to result when a testing procedure encourages ‘good’ teaching practice; for example, an oral proficiency test is introduced in the expectation that it will promote the teaching of speaking skills.
• Negative: Negative washback occurs in situations where there may be a mismatch between the stated goals of instruction and the focus of assessment; it may lead to the abandonment of instructional goals in favor of test preparation.

Question 2

Formative vs Summative Assessment

Answer 2

Formative assessments check for learning throughout a unit. Summative assessments check for mastery of the whole unit

Question 3

Proficiency Test

Answer 3

This assessment is used to determine the English language proficiency levels and progress of ELs in the domains of speaking, listening, reading, and writing.

Question 4

Construct

Answer 4

the skill or proficiency an assessment is intended to measure.

Question 5

Four considerations for testing ELLs

Answer 5

• Instructional Improvement;
• Special Needs;
• Program Accountability;
• Research and Evaluation;