CT Surgery Peds OME

Question 1

can diastolic murmers be innocent?

Answer 1

never!

Question 2

3 important L–>R shunts in peds

Answer 2

ASD, VSD, PDA = all have D!

Question 3

which type of cardiac shunts has cyanosis?

Answer 3

R to L

Question 4

Which type of cardiac shunts have increased vascular markings?

Answer 4

L to R

Question 5

Which defect is associated with Fixed wide split S2?

Answer 5

ASD

Question 6

what is the most common congential heart defect?

Answer 6

VSD

Question 7

which congential cardiac defect will have a harsh holosystolic murmer, FTT, right sided hypertrophy and increased R heart pressure?

Answer 7

VSD

Question 8

VSD is associated with what congenital disorder?

Answer 8

Down syndrome

Question 9

Why do kids with VSD squat?

Answer 9

increase venous return and increase SVR to overcome pulmonary HTN

Question 10

how do you repair ASD?

Answer 10

Catheter-directed device closure

Question 11

How do you repair VSD?

Answer 11

open surgical repair

Question 12

What is a PDA?

Answer 12

aorta to pulmonary artery connection = machine like/multi-phase murmer

Question 13

How long does it take for PDA to close on its own?

Answer 13

about 7 days. beyond this is abnormal

Question 14

What can you give to maintain PDA?

Answer 14

prostaglandins if needed for transposition of the great arteries

Question 15

What can you give to close the PDA?

Answer 15

indomethacin

Question 16

2 most common R –> L shunts?

Answer 16

Transposition of the great arteries & Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 17

which cardiac defect requires a patent PDA for the kid to live untill surgery?

Answer 17

transposition of the great arteries

Question 18

What is the most common CYANOTIC cardiac defect in CHILDREN?

Answer 18

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 19

What is the most common CYANOTIC cardiac defect in NEWBORN?

Answer 19

Transposition of the Great Arteries

Question 20

What is the big risk factor for transposition of the great arteries?

Answer 20

Pre-existing diabetes in prego mom = @ week 8 when heart twists = failure!

Question 21

mom gives birth to kid who initially is fine but later is the day the kid starts turning blue. what should you do asap? how can you dx?

Answer 21

PROSTAGLANDINS to maintain PDA, Dx transposition of great arteries with U/S

Question 22

Tetralogy of Fallot is associated with…

Answer 22

down syndrome

Question 23

Components of Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 23

1. VSD
2. Overriding aorta
3. Pulmonary Stenosis
4. RV hypertrophy

Question 24

What is a “tet” spell? what is this associated with?

Answer 24

cyanosis relieved by squatting. seen with tetralogy of fallot

Question 25

What heart shit is characterized by “boot shapped heart”, and associated with down syndrome and DiGeorges?

Answer 25

tetralogy of fallot