CSE - Category II - Programming/Design (36%) Flashcards
Age Group Design
- Elderly
- Less mobility, security, increased lighting, material finishes and air quality
- Children
- Active, soft surfaces, superviosn, material finishes & air quality
Alquist-Prilo Act
An Act to prvent the construction of buildings used for human occupnacy on the surface trace of active faults.
Active fault = ruptured in the last 11,000 years
Building must be set back from fault by 50 feet or more.
Approval Process Steps
- Entitlement Phase
- Building & Safety Plan Check and other local agencies
- Obtain the Building Permit
Basic Wind Speed
Per CBC (Figure 1609)
- Based upon the speed of a 3 second gust of wind
- Basic Wind Speed on West Coas is 85 mph
California Coastal Zone
General
- Extends 1,000 yards inland from the mean high tide line
Significant Coastal Estuarine Habitat and Recreatioonal Areas
- Extends inland to the first major ridgeline or five miles form the mean high tide line, whichever is less.
Developed Urban Areas
Extends less than 1,000 yards
California Geological Survey’s
(CGS)
Earthquakes
Provides scientific products and services about the state’s geology, seismology and mineral resources including their related hazards that affect the health, safety and business interests of the people of California.
CEQA Commenting Agency
- A public agency with ‘jurisdiction by law’ over a particular natural resource but is neither a lead or responsible agency.
CEQA Lead Agency
- Public agency that has primary responsibility to complete the environmental review process.
- Responsible for coordinating with the project applicant, the public, other agencies.
CEQA Public Review Period
- Lead Agency lies Notice of Completion and gives public notice of availablity of draft EIR
- Lead Agency gives public notice of availability of Negative Declaration
CEQA Responsible Agency
- Public agency(ies) with discretionary approval authority over a portion of a CEQA project and interfaces directly with the Lead Agency
CEQA Trustee Agency
- A state agency having jurisdiction by law over natural resources affected by a project which are held in trust for the people of the State of California.
5 Main Climatic Conditions
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Rainfall
- Wind
- Snowfall
Coastal Development Permit
Must be issued for developments within the coastal zone and work may not commence until permit has been issued by either the Commission or local government that has a Commission-certified local coastal program.
Coastal Regions
- 1,000 yards inland from the mean high tide line.
- Coasta estuarine habitat: inland to first major ridge line or 5 miles from mean high tide line, whichever is less
Coastal Zone
Federal Agencies involved in coastal review process
Coastal Zone
State Agencies involved in coastal review process
Comfort Control Areas
- Internal Air Temperature
- Internal lighting levels and daylighting levels
- Noise Controls
Components of Programming
Dead Load
The weight of materials and construction incorporated into the building including:
- Walls
- Floors
- Roofs
- Ceilings
- Stairways
- Built-in partitions
- Finishes
- Cladding
- Equipment attached to the structure
Defensible Space
100 feet
CAL FIRE Requirment
Design Reveiw Board
- Design professionals appointed to provide advice on new development projects and exterior changes to buildings.
- Advisory in nature, final permit by AHJ.
- Planning Commission
- Zoning Administrator
- Planning Staff
- City Council
- Meetings are typically open to public where they can voice concersn about projects.
Design solutions for air Health Concerns
- Adequate Ventilation
- Maintenance of building ventilation systems
- Installation of Air Filter
- MERV (min. efficiency reporting value)
Designing for
Humidity
- Moisture in air and control
- Exahust fan in toilet rooms, laundry areas
- Allow materials to breathe
Designing for
Rainfall
- Slope and drainage for roof and site
- Overhangs
- flashing
- rainscreen
Designing for
Snowfall
- Weight of snow on roofs & snow drift
- Runoff from snowmelt
Designing for
Temperature
- Wall & ceiling insulation
- Larger overhangs on southern exposure
- Passive heating and cooling strategies
- Properly sized HVAC
Designing for
Wind
- Wind hazards (hurricanes, tornados, etc.)
- Placement of operable windows, passive ventilation
- Overhangs to resist uplift (desert & Mountains)
Earthquake Zone Maps
- Shaking (four zones)
- Fault Rupture
- Seismic Hazard Zones for Liqefaction and Landslides
- Tsunami Inundation
California lies within two shaking zones 3 and 4
Entitlement Phase
To obtain permission/approval for project prior to producing construction documents.
- Drawing to show size and scope
- Submit to local Planning Department
- Review for compliance with
- CEQA
- Zoning Code
- Local Coastal Program (if in coastal zone)
- Specific Plan Areas
- Attend design review board / arch review board
Entitlement Phase
Flow Chart
Environmental Impact Report
(EIR)
- A detailed report written by the Lead Agency describing and analyzing the significant environmental effects of a proposed project
- Identifying alternatives and discussing ways to reduce or avoid the possible environmental damage.
Essential Services Buildings
- Fire Station
- Police station
- Emergency Operations Center
- California Highway Patrol
- Sheriff’s Office
- Emergency Communications Dispatch Center
Essential Services Building Seismic Safety Act
Exempt Buildings
Fault
A fracture in the crust of the earth along which rocks on one side have moved relative to those on the other side.
Fault Rupture
Cracks forms and the ground is offset along the two sides
Coastal Review Process
Federal Agencies
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (projects along the shoreline, marinas, harbors, ports)
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- U.S. Coast Guard (Marine Environmental Portection)
Wetland Approval Process
Federal Agencies
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (moving or placing materials such as dirt, rock, concrete or culverts)
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- National Resources Conservation Service (Relating to agriculture and wetland restoration)
Flood Design Mitigation
- Locating building pads above 100 year floorplain
- Avoid large areas of concrete/hard surface
- Use of swales to direct water runoff
Foundation Types
- Typical footings & stem walls (stable soils, bedrock)
- Mat foundations (expansive soil, high water table)
- Piles and grade beams (expansive soil, high water table)
Fugitive Dust
Small airborn particle called particulate matter that is generated or emitted from open air operations (emission that do not pass through a stack or a vent)
Geological Conditions
Concerned with soil conditions, directly impacts foundation design, under the surface.
- Soil Types
- Foundation Types
Habitats of Endangered Species
Mitigation
- Designate no distrubance zones
- Re-plant disturbance area to another area of site
- Minimize distrubance to natural water supply on site
- Minimize night site lighting to not disturb fauna
- Maintain wildlife/use corridors through the site
Habitats of Endangered Species
Applicable Regualtions
- California Endangered Species Act
- Federal Endangered Species Act
- California Environmental Quality Act
Habitats of Endangered Species
Federal Agencies
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Habitats of Endangered Species
State Agencies
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife
- California Environmental Protection Agency
Hazardous Materials
Acts, Laws, Regulations
- Toxic Substance Control Act
- Comprehensive Environmental response, Compensation and Liability Act
- Federal EPA’s Brownfields Program
- California EPA’s Brownfields Program
- Federal EPA’s Clean Air Act
- Federal EPS’s Clean Water Act
Hazardous Materials
Agencies
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA)
- California Air Resources Board (division of Cal/EPA)
- Regional Air Quality Management District
- State Water Resources Control Board
Hazardous Materials
Mitigation
- Removing hazardous materials from the site and properly disposing per federal, state and locate guidelines
- Encapsulating and permanently sealing the materials on the site per federal, state and local guidelines
How to prepare for a flood
Hydrological Conditions
Concerned with water and its relationship to the site.
- Water table
- Site drainage
- Movement of water through site
- Foundation design
Impacts a project can have on the environment
Sustainable Strategies
Sustainable Strategies
Indoor Air Quality
- Low/no VOC products and finishes
- Properly sized HVAC
- Fresh are into HVAC
- Passive ventilation
- Ventilate ‘wet rooms’ to min. mold
- Install radon venting if needed
Initial Study
A preliminary analysis prepared by the Lead Agency to determine whether an EIR or a Negative Declaration must be prepared or to identify the signific environmental effects to be analyzed in an EIR.
Lateral Spreading
Intense shaking can cause the soil to break into blocks.
Live Load
Those loads produced by the use and occupancy of the building or other structure and do not include construction or environmental loads such as:
- wind
- snow
- rain earthquake
- flood
- dead load
Local Coastal Programs
(LCPs)
- Basic planning tools used by local governments to guide development in the coastal zone, in partnership with the Coastal Commission.
- LCPs contain the ground rules for future development and protection of coastal resources in the 76 coastal cities and counties.
- The LCPs specify appropriate location, type, and scale of new or changed uses of land and water.
- Each LCP includes a land use plan and measures to implement the plan (such as zoning ordinances).
- Prepared by local government, these programs govern decisions that determine the short- and long-term conservation and use of coastal resources.
- While each LCP reflects unique characteristics of individual local coastal communities, regional and statewide interests and concerns must also be addressed in conformity with Coastal Act goals and policies.
- Following adoption by a city council or county board of supervisors, an LCP is submitted to the Coastal Commission for review for consistency with Coastal Act requirements.
Mitigated Negative Declaration
Significant impacts found upon the environment in respect to the project, but the project can be revised / redesigned to avoid or mitigate significant impacts and can move forward.
Negative Declaration
No significant impacts found upon the environment in respect to the project, the project may proceed as designed.
Notice of Completion
A brief notice released by the Lead Agency as soon as it has completed a draft CEQA documents for public review and comments.
Notice of Determination
A brief notice filed by a public agency after it approves or determines to carry out a project subject to the requirements of CEQA.
- State Agency Files the form at the Office of Planning and Research
- Local Agency files the form at the County Clear of each count in which the project will be located.
Notice of Exemption
If the project is determined to be exempt, a Notice of Exemption may be filed
- State Agency Files the form at the Office of Planning and Research
- Local Agency files the form at the County Clear of each count in which the project will be located.
Notice of Preparation
A brief notice sent by Lead Acency to notifiy the intent to prepare an EIR for the project.
Project Approval Process
3 Steps
- Entitlement Phase
- Building & Safety Plan Check and other local agencies
- Obtain the Building Permit
Reducing the change of building loss
CAL FIRE
Seismic Safety Commission
Investigates earthquakes, researches issues and reports.
Recommends to the Governor and Legislature polices and program to reduce earthquake risk.
Seismic Zone Maps
- Shaking
- 4 zones in U.S.
- California lies in zones 3 & 4
- Fault Rupture
- Seismic Hazarn Zones for Liquefaction and Landslides
- Tsunami Inundation
Soil Types
- Expansive / clay: low bearing capacity
- Bedrock: stable, high bearing
Coastal Review Process
State Agencies
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife
- California Environmental Protection Agency
- State Water Resources Control Board
- California Coastal Commission (Coastal Zone)
Wetland Approval Process
State Agencies
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife
- California Environmental Protection Agency
- State Water Resources Control Board
- California Coastal Commission (wetlands in the coastal zone only)
- State Lands Commission (Wetlands on State owned properties)
Structural Design
Wind Loads
Lateral load resisting design (for Earthquake too).
Sustainability
Energy Efficiency Strategies
- Heating & Air Conditioning
- Water Heating
- Lighting
- Appliances
- Water Conservations
- Resource Conservation
- Indoor Air Quality
Sustainable Strategies
Appliances
- Energy Star
Sustainable Strategies
Heating & Air Conditioning
- Properly sized mechanical equipments
- high efficiency equipment
- radiant heat flooring
- multiple zones
- programmable thermostats
Sustainable Strategies
Lighting
- Daylighting
- flourescent lighting
- LED lighting
- dimmer controls
- occupancy sensors
Sustainable Strategies
Resource Conservation
- Reuse of existing materials on sites
- Re-use of recyclable materials
- Select locally manufactured materials
- Use rapidly renewable materials
- Use wood products that have been sustainably harvest - Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
Sustainable Strategies
Water Conservations
- Low flow fixtures
- Gray water system
- Rainwater harvesting system
- drought tolerant landscape
- drip irrigation on timer and rain sensors
Sustainable Strategies
Water Heating
- Insualte hot water tanks & pipes
- gas water heater instead of electric
- solor hot water system
Three Fire Zones
- Medium
- High
- Very High
Topographical Conditions
Concerned with surface conditions; on the surface
- Grading - Vehicular access
- Utilities access
- Site Features
- Bodies of water
- Views
Two key elements of
Fire Hazard Severity Zones
- Probability of burning
- Probable fire behavior
Types of earthquake damages
Types of Users
Client may be…..
- Individula
- Board of Directors (board of trustees)
- designate an authorized representative
- Governing Board
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
- Glues and adhesives from carpet, millwork, paint, etc.
- Important to prevent VOC to escape by ‘building leakage’
- Provide ventilation to bring fresh air into the building
Wetland Approval
Permits or Approvals
- U.S. Army Coprs of Engineers
- Section 404 of Federal Clean Water Act
- Regulating activities in wetlands
- Regional Water Quality Control Board
- Section 401 of Federal Clean Water Act
- States must certify any activity subject to a permit issued by a federal agency
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife
- Regulates activities that would alter the flow, be, banks, channel or associated riparian areas of a river, stream or lake.
- CEQA
- maintain a high-quality environment
Wetlands Definition
Aquatic (wet) and terrestrial (land) characteristics.
They form wherever the land gets too wet for upland vegetation and standing water is not too dep for wetland vegetation.
Wetlands
Federal Agencies involved in wetland approval process
Wetlands
State Agencies involved in wetland approval process
Wetlands
The Big Four Permits / Approvals
What are 2 California designated
coastal management agencies
- San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC)
- California Coastal Commission
What types of development NOT require a Coastal Development Permit?
What types of development require a Coastal Development permit?
What types of development require a Coastal Development permit per the Coastal Act?
Wind Hazard
Areas of High Winds
- Deserts
- Mountains Areas including ridge tops and passes
- Coastal Areas
Essential Services Building Seismic Safety Act
Duties During Construction
Essential Services Building Seismic Safety Act
DSA Duties
What mapping programs are in place in California?
Natural Seismic Zones Maps, Earthquake Fault Zone Maps, Seismic Zones Maps, Tsunami Inundation and Evacuation Route Maps, Dam Inundation Maps are all mapping programs that are in place in California.
