Crude Oil YEAR 9 Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons
Compounds made up of only Carbon and Hydrogen
Alkanes formula
Cn H2n+2
No double bond
Alkene formula
Cn H2n
1 double bond
Name order for hydrocarbons
Me
Eth
Pro
But
Why are smaller hydrocarbon chains weaker?
They have weaker intermolecular forces
Why are shorter hydrocarbon chains valuable?
They have lower boiling points -> easier to ignite as fuel
How is crude oil separated into fractions
Crude oil is heated to vaporize the different hydrocarbons in a tank which is cool at the top and hot at the bottom. The vapours then rise and the different hydrocarbons condense at their specific boiling points, allowing them to be separated.
What is a saturated hydrocarbon
Only single bonds (alkanes)
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon
Have a double bond
What is kerosene used in
Plane fuel
What is bitumen used for
Surface roads
Viscous
Thickness
Cracking
Heavy hydrocarbons are broken into smaller ones by heat or pressure
Advantages of hydrogen fuel
Hydrogen is Abundant
No carbon emissions
Disadvantages of hydrogen fuel
Expensive as the fuel takes up a lot of space
