Crude oil and Hydrocarbons no dobe

Question 1

What is crude oil?

Answer 1

Crude oil is a finite resource found in rocks, formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient sea creatures, dinosaurs (BIOMASS), mainly plankton, which were buried in mud.

Question 2

Crude oil is a mixture of molecules called..

Answer 2

Crude oil is a mixture of molecules called hydrocarbons.

Question 3

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons are molecules made up of ONLY hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Question 4

What is the mnemonic for the first four alkanes?

Answer 4

The mnemonic for the first four alkanes are:

Monkeys → Methane (CH₄)
Eat → Ethane (C₂H₆)
Peanut → Propane (C₃H₈)
Butter → Butane (C₄H₁₀)

Question 5

What are alkanes?

Answer 5

Alkanes are the name given to hydrocarbons like methane and ethane.

Question 6

What is the formula for alkanes?

Answer 6

The formula for alkanes is:
CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

This just means If we know the number of carbon atoms in an alkane then we can calculate the number of hydrogen atoms. To do this we can multiply the number of carbon atoms by two and then add two.

Question 7

Why do scientists say that alkanes are saturated molecules?

Answer 7

Scientists say that alkanes are saturated molecules because the carbon atoms are fully bonded to the hydrogen atoms.

(meaning the carbon atoms have no more space for other atoms to bond to)