Crude Oil and Fuels (core) Flashcards
What are fractions?
Liquids with different boiling ranges separated from a mixture of liquids
How can you tell that the substance with the formula C5H12 is an alkane?
it is saturated, follows the formula CnH2n+2, it only have carbon carbon single bonds
What is the molecular form of butane?
C4H10
Why are different hydrocarbons collected at different levels of a fractional distillation column?
They have different boiling points
What properties would you expect a fraction that is collected one-third of the way up a fractioning column?(4)
Medium boiling point, thick liquid, not very flammable, smokey flame
What is the word equation for the complete combustion of ethane?
ethane+oxygen=carbon dioxide+water
What are the four possible products of the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
carbon monoxide, carbon, unburnt hydrocarbon, water
What environmental problem is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides?
Acid rain
What is the product of incomplete combustion that scientists believe causes global dimming?
Particulates
What two methods are used to reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide produced by burning fuels?
Remove sulfur dioxide from waste gases after they are burnt, remove sulfur before it is burnt
What are two biofuels?
Biodiesel and Ethanol
What is one advantage of hydrogen as a fuel?
No pollution
What is one disadvantage of hydrogen as a fuel?
Large amount of energy is needed
Why is crude oil separated into fractions?
To make useful products
Why are fractions with lower boiling points more useful as fuels? (3)
Thin liquid, boil easily, clean flame
