Crossmatching and Blood Typing

Question 1

Cat Antibodies vs. Dogs

Answer 1

naturally present, preformed

Dogs formed after sensitization

Question 2

(first) Transfusion reactions in cats v. dogs

Answer 2

Takes minutes to attach vs. dogs takes days to weeks

Question 3

Feline blood groups

Answer 3

A/B/AB with + and - Mik (most are mik pos; we don’t type for it)

Question 4

Canine blood groups

Answer 4

12 groups, many types, we only care about DEA 1

Question 5

To date all the Mik negative cats have been type ___

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Cat reactions are more severe in

Answer 6

Type B cats (those receiving A)

Question 7

percentages of cat blood types

Answer 7

A 75-90%
B 2-25%
AB <1%

Question 8

Common breeds for Type B cats

Answer 8

-exotic and britich SH, cornish rex and devon rex most common
Main Coon, Siamese, Russian Blue, and more

Question 9

Cats -

how long does donor RBCs last in circulation?

Answer 9

about a month

Question 10

Cats -

how long does unmatched blood last in circulation?

Answer 10

A Cat recieving B blood - mild reaction, lasts 2 days

B cat recieving A blood - severe reaction, lasts about a n hour

B Ab are BAD (anti A Ab)

Question 11

Do we need to crossmatch cats?

Answer 11

Yes! Even if typed correctly, cross match to make sure Mik is compatible

Question 12

Neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats?

Answer 12

Especially when Type B queen has A or AB kitten ; this is the reverse of the transfusion reaction because its donor Ab and recipient RBCs but still a severe reaction.

B Ab are BAD (anti A Ab)

Question 13

Which canine blood is a universal donor?

When to use?

Answer 13

DEA 4

- if you’ve given a dog a lot of transfusions and still isn’t getting better

Question 14

You need to give a dog blood what do you do?

Answer 14

Give DEA 1 negative blood or DEA 1 type-matched
- if you have to give DEA1 positive unmatched it’s probably ok (if you’re confident its the first transfusion). Just cross-match all subsequent transfusions.

Question 15

If you’re typing blood and it autoagglutinates, what type is it?

Answer 15

you can’t tell

Question 16

Which type card has a control?

Answer 16

Dog

Question 17

Can you type if the blood is autoagglutinating?

Answer 17

not on the card, but on other typing devices yes.

Question 18

What if it types as a weak DEA 1+

Answer 18

If a donor - type as 1+

if a recipient - give it 1-

Question 19

What to look for in crossmatching?

Answer 19

hemolysis or agglutination

Question 20

Negative Cross-match result does not exclude what?

Answer 20

• delayed hemolytic reaction
• immune reaction to other components (white cells, platelets)
• nonimmunologic reaction

Question 21

What do you mix together during a crossmatch?

Answer 21

(Ideally do all 3)
Major - Donor RBC and Recipient serum
Minor - Donor serum and Recipient RBC
Auto-control - for autoagglutination

Question 22

If the patient is already autoagglutinating can you do a crossmatch?

Answer 22

Yes! A major crossmatch doesn’t use recipient RBCs.

But don’t bother with a minor crossmatch because the recipient RBCs are already agglutinated.

Question 23

Pathophysiology of RBC destruction in unmatched transfusions?

Answer 23

similar to IMHA

• hemolysis (releases Hb, clossing cascade/DIC)
• complement activation

Question 24

signs of transfusion reaction

Answer 24

febrile, vomiting, facial swelling/allergy

Question 25

Nonimmunologic reaction?

Answer 25

The blood could be contaminated or infected

Question 26

Can you give cats dog blood?

Answer 26

You shouldn’t but itll last about 4 days. Repeat transfusions may be fatal.

Question 27

what’s the only canine blood type group with major cllinical significance

Answer 27

DEA 1

Question 28

true / false : A dog’s blood can have Ag to several blood types

Answer 28

true

Question 29

what’s the universal canine donor blood type

Answer 29

DEA 4