Crossmatching and Blood Typing Flashcards
Cat Antibodies vs. Dogs
naturally present, preformed
Dogs formed after sensitization
(first) Transfusion reactions in cats v. dogs
Takes minutes to attach vs. dogs takes days to weeks
Feline blood groups
A/B/AB with + and - Mik (most are mik pos; we don’t type for it)
Canine blood groups
12 groups, many types, we only care about DEA 1
To date all the Mik negative cats have been type ___
A
Cat reactions are more severe in
Type B cats (those receiving A)
percentages of cat blood types
A 75-90%
B 2-25%
AB <1%
Common breeds for Type B cats
-exotic and britich SH, cornish rex and devon rex most common
Main Coon, Siamese, Russian Blue, and more
Cats -
how long does donor RBCs last in circulation?
about a month
Cats -
how long does unmatched blood last in circulation?
A Cat recieving B blood - mild reaction, lasts 2 days
B cat recieving A blood - severe reaction, lasts about a n hour
B Ab are BAD (anti A Ab)
Do we need to crossmatch cats?
Yes! Even if typed correctly, cross match to make sure Mik is compatible
Neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats?
Especially when Type B queen has A or AB kitten ; this is the reverse of the transfusion reaction because its donor Ab and recipient RBCs but still a severe reaction.
B Ab are BAD (anti A Ab)
Which canine blood is a universal donor?
When to use?
DEA 4
- if you’ve given a dog a lot of transfusions and still isn’t getting better
You need to give a dog blood what do you do?
Give DEA 1 negative blood or DEA 1 type-matched
- if you have to give DEA1 positive unmatched it’s probably ok (if you’re confident its the first transfusion). Just cross-match all subsequent transfusions.
If you’re typing blood and it autoagglutinates, what type is it?
you can’t tell
Which type card has a control?
Dog
Can you type if the blood is autoagglutinating?
not on the card, but on other typing devices yes.
What if it types as a weak DEA 1+
If a donor - type as 1+
if a recipient - give it 1-
What to look for in crossmatching?
hemolysis or agglutination
Negative Cross-match result does not exclude what?
- delayed hemolytic reaction
- immune reaction to other components (white cells, platelets)
- nonimmunologic reaction
What do you mix together during a crossmatch?
(Ideally do all 3)
Major - Donor RBC and Recipient serum
Minor - Donor serum and Recipient RBC
Auto-control - for autoagglutination
If the patient is already autoagglutinating can you do a crossmatch?
Yes! A major crossmatch doesn’t use recipient RBCs.
But don’t bother with a minor crossmatch because the recipient RBCs are already agglutinated.
Pathophysiology of RBC destruction in unmatched transfusions?
similar to IMHA
- hemolysis (releases Hb, clossing cascade/DIC)
- complement activation
signs of transfusion reaction
febrile, vomiting, facial swelling/allergy
Nonimmunologic reaction?
The blood could be contaminated or infected
Can you give cats dog blood?
You shouldn’t but itll last about 4 days. Repeat transfusions may be fatal.
what’s the only canine blood type group with major cllinical significance
DEA 1
true / false : A dog’s blood can have Ag to several blood types
true
what’s the universal canine donor blood type
DEA 4
