Cross-cutting Themes: Alternative Systems and Climate

Question 1

foraging behavior of large ruminant vs small

Answer 1

the larger the ruminant, the more likely it is a bulk and roughage grazer
the smaller, the more likely to be an intermediate feeder or concentrate feeder

Question 2

anatomical differences between small and large ruminants that contribute to forage behavior

Answer 2

goat has greater control of muscles in lips and mouth; sheep are intermediate
goats can stand on hind legs to browse

Question 3

more resistant to plant-protecting compounds

Answer 3

goats are more resistent compared to sheep and cows

Question 4

stocking rates

Answer 4

1 to 2 goats per cow

Question 5

benefits of multi-species grazing

Answer 5

weed control and pasture reclamation
management of internal parasites
protection against predators

Question 6

changing climate means…

Answer 6

hotter, precipitation, and storms

Question 7

impact of climate on animal production

Answer 7

heat stress
parasitic and pathogenic diseases
feeding and nutrition

Question 8

consequences of heat stress

Answer 8

reduced: fertility, milk production, dry matter intake
increased: death rates, lameness, disease
hyperthermia

Question 9

heat is lost to the environment by

Answer 9

evaporation
convection
conduction
radiation

Question 10

evaporation

Answer 10

panting, sweating

Question 11

convection

Answer 11

air moves across animal

Question 12

conduction

Answer 12

contact with cooler surface

Question 13

radiation

Answer 13

emission of heat