Beef Cattle

Question 1

Taurine cattle

Answer 1

Bos taurus
cattle I know
no hump
western eurasia

Question 2

Indicine/ Zebu cattle

Answer 2

Bos indicus
eastern asia

Question 3

species cattle today descend from

Answer 3

aurochs (Bos primigenius)
wild ox
much bigger
not docile

Question 4

british breeds

Answer 4

angus
devon
galloway
hereford
red poll
shorthorn
south devon

Question 5

continental breeds

Answer 5

belgian blue
charolais
chianina
gelbvieh
limousin
main anjou
piedmontese
simmental
tarentaise

Question 6

most common cattle breed

Answer 6

black angus
well-marbeled, flavorful beef
feed efficient
good mothers

Question 7

charolais

Answer 7

larger frame
heavier

Question 8

hereford

Answer 8

docile
longevity
easy calvers
good milkers
good mothers

Question 9

oldest breed

Answer 9

simmental
large body frame
good calver/ mother
weight gaining ability

Question 10

more tolerant to hot temps than black angus

Answer 10

red angus

Question 11

product of “survival of the fittest”

Answer 11

Texas longhorn

Question 12

claimed superior fertility, calving ease, mothering, and growth rate

Answer 12

Gelbvieh

Question 13

limousin

Answer 13

CRAZY B**ches
tremendous carcass traits

Question 14

highlands

Answer 14

double coat
fuzzy boys
forelock shield eyes from flies

Question 15

“cross-breeding’s common denominator”

Answer 15

Brahman
fatty hump
drooping ears
large dewlap

Question 16

why brahmans?

Answer 16

environmental adaptability
dark skin pigmentation keeps breed free of cancer
ability to use low-quality feed
travel longer distances for feed and water
resistant to insects and external parasites

Question 17

brahman females

Answer 17

environment does not affect reproduction

Question 18

brahmans in cooler climates

Answer 18

grow protective, long course, hide
does well in temps all the way down to 8 degrees F

Question 19

“Queen of Cow Country”

Answer 19

F-1 Brahman females

Question 20

hrs spent grazing/ day

Answer 20

8hr

Question 21

water intake

Answer 21

1.5 gallons per 100 pounds of body weight

Question 22

protein % in diet

Answer 22

8-16% dependent on production stage

Question 23

vitamins needed supplemented

Answer 23

A and E

Question 24

mineral intake

Answer 24

Ca to P ratio of 1 1/2: 1 to 2:1
salt with trace minerals

Question 25

fat in diet

Answer 25

less than 5% fats interfere with rumen function

Question 26

General feeding rules

Answer 26

provide clean, fresh water daily feed at same time every day change/ increase feed slowly avoid grinding feed too fine never feed moldy or stale feed provide salt and minerals at all times always provide chance to exercise

Question 27

dietary needs of cattle

Answer 27

water Summer: drink more winter: make sure temps above 40 oF cows travel to water in herds

Question 28

creep feed

Answer 28

calf gets extra grain away from the cow mostly grain with 16-18% protein

Question 29

energy

Answer 29

"major nutrient" derived from digestion of feedstuffs fiber (carbs) protein starch (also carbs) fat

Question 30

TDN

Answer 30

total digestible nutrients common measurement of feedstuff energy

Question 31

net energy

Answer 31

assigns the proportion of that feedstuff that meets: maintenance, growth, lactation, gestation

Question 32

sources of energy

Answer 32

forages and grain

Question 33

corn stalks

Answer 33

low energy one acre of corn stalks carry one cow for 40-50 days

Question 34

hay

Answer 34

"dry forage" moderate energy 2-4 lbs of blended hay per day

Question 35

grains

Answer 35

high energy

Question 36

carrying capacity

Answer 36

1-3 cows per acrea based on improved pasture, if less quaility= less cows per acre

Question 37

cost per cow per day

Answer 37

$547.50

Question 38

supplementation

Answer 38

main driver of body condition score reduce forage consumption meet energy needs

Question 39

feedlot diet

Answer 39

~14% crude protein 1/3 of each: corn, soybean hulls, corn gluten or distiller grains + minerals OR commercial pre-mixed ration

Question 40

preventitive of coccidiosis

Answer 40

Ionophore (Bovatec) added to diet

Question 41

% bodyweight in grain in feedlot per day

Answer 41

1.5% of bodyweight watch manure for signs of over-eating

Question 42

grass-fed beef

Answer 42

animal raised mostly on forages does not mean grass finished take more than 2 yr to acheive market weight

Question 43

micronutrients

Answer 43

vitamins water-soluble fat-soluble