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Gastrointestinal > Cross Anerobes and H pylori > Flashcards

Cross Anerobes and H pylori Flashcards

1
Q

anaerobes affecting the GI tract

A 
Bacteroides fragilis
prevotella
Clostridium:
perfringens 
tetani
botulinum
difficile
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2
Q

major phyla of anaerobes contributing to gut microbiome

A 
Clostridia
Bacteroides
also in oral cavity
femal Genital tract
soil/spores
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3
Q 
anaerobes lack (2)
anaerobes\_\_\_\_
A

SOD
catalase-thus cant deal with oxygen

they stink-organic acid end products of metabolism

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4
Q

anaerobic infections are often _____

A

poly microbial
MIXED ANAEROBIC AND FACULTATIVE AEROBIC BACTERIA
-IN ABCESSES-USUALLY REFLECT THE NORMAL FLORA IN THAT SITE

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5
Q

INTRA ABDominal infections, abcesses, paritonitis-from break in mucosal surface during Sx or trauma

A

Bacteroides fragilis

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6
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

Bacteroides fragilis

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7
Q

found in 25% of lung abceses

A

b fragilis

otherwise it is below the diaphragm

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8
Q

tx of b fragilis

A

RESISTANT TO PENICILLIN

-SUSCEPTIBLE TO METRO, CARBAPENEMS, BETA LACTAM+BLINHIBITOR

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9
Q

PELVIC OR PER-RECTAL ABCESSES

A

B FRAGILIS

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10
Q

GRAM NEGATIVE COCCOBACILLUS

OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN-IN NASAL AND ORAL CAVITIES

A

PREVOTELLA

A MEMBER OF BACTEROIDES

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11
Q

CAUSES ORAL/PERIDONTAL ABCESSES
CHRONIC OTITIS
SINUSITIS
PULMONART ABCESSES/EMPYEMAS

A

PREVOTELLA

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12
Q

GRAM POSITIVE SPORE FORMING RODS

*only anaerobe spore formers-thus resistant to harsh environment

A

clostridum sp.

colon and soil as spores

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13
Q

pathogenesis of clostridia

A

exotoxins secreted in hydrolytic enzymes

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14
Q

GAS gangrene

large box car GPR

A

C perfringens
ALPHA TOXIN
*3 rd leading cause of foodborne illness in US??

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15
Q

cases gas gangrene

A

ALPHA TOXIN

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16
Q

protal of entry is a wound site (nail) or skin popping druggies

A

C tetani

17
Q

c tetani pathogenesis

A 
Tetanus toxin (tetanospasmin AB toxin)-enter NMJ-transported by motor neurons to ganglia
-bind irreversibly inhibiting GABA and SNARE-disinhibition of neurons that modulate excitatoryimplulses =increased msucle tone
18
Q 
trismus- 
risus sardonicus
painful spasms
tonic paralysis
autonomic instability
arched back and respiratory failure
A

c tetani- disinhibition of excitatory neurons

19
Q

tx of tetanus

A

debridement
Human Tetanus Immunglobulin-neutralize
Ab’s universally given-metro, penicillin
always give the vaccine immediately after dx

20
Q

home canned fruits and veggies and fish, bioterror, iatrogenic, wound

A

c. botulinum-AB toxin

21
Q

carpets or raw honey

A

infantile botulism

22
Q

moa for botulism-mot potent toxin we have

A

cleaves snares–no exocytosis of ACH-flaccid parlysis

23
Q

foodborne botulism

A

Spores are resistant to heat, germinate after cooking and release toxin
Subsequent heating will inactivate the toxin (heat-labile)

24
Q

accute symettirc descending parlaysis

A

botulism
N/Dry mouth/Dysphagia/ Blurred vison (ACH deficiet)
possible death by respiratory failure

25
Q

Tx of GI botulism

A

Mechanical vent
-HORSE ANTI-toxin if over 1 year old
-hBIG-IVNO if less than 1 year
AB’s-would just spread the toxin

26
Q

flobby baby syndrome
:Constipation followed by weakness, feeding difficulties, descending global hypotonia, drooling, anorexia, irritability, weak cry

A

infantile botulism

infection first then intoxication with the toxin

27
Q

tx of wound botulism

A

ab’s- penicillin, or metro

28
Q

H pylori is responsible for

A

95% of duodenal ulcers
70% gastric ulcers
*associated with adenocarcinomas and lymphomas

29
Q

spread of H pylori

A

fecal oral and human to human

30
Q

virulence factors for H pylori

A 
Slender, curved gram negative rods
Motile with polar flagella
Microaerophilic
VacA: vaculolating cytotoxin
PAI encoding Type III secretion system
Cag: rearranges cytoskeleton
Urease-ammonia damages epitheliam cell-also bings up local H+ making microenvironment alkaline
31
Q

ulcers for h pyori are due to

A

VacA
CagA
Host immune response

32
Q

tx of h pylori

A
  1. PPI, clarith, amoxicillin
  2. PPI, clarith, metro
  3. PPI or H2RA, Bismuth, metro, tetracycline
33
Q

dx of H pylori

A

Endoscopy with biopsy and culture
Stool antigen
Urea breath test
Serology

Gastrointestinal (9 decks)

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