Critical Thinking 2

Question 1

What are the 8 elements of reasoning used in the critical thinking process?

Answer 1

Purpose

Question the issue

points of view

information, data, and evidence

concepts and ideas

assumptions

implications and consequences

inferences

Question 2

Describe Purpose

Answer 2

what is the objective of my thinking?

Question 3

Describe Question at Issue

Answer 3

Is this the right question?

Question 4

Describe Point of View

Answer 4

What’s my viewpoint?

Would it look differently from another perspective?

Question 5

Describe Information, Data, and Evidence

Answer 5

is it accurate, fair, clear?

Are there alternate sources?

Do we need more?

Question 6

Describe Concepts and Ideas

Answer 6

What concepts am I relying on?

Do others expect them as well?

Question 7

Describe Assumptions

Answer 7

What beliefs and values influence my thinking?

Are they balanced and fair?

Question 8

Describe Implications and Consequences

Answer 8

what might the outcome be?

On what?

For whom?

Question 9

Describe Inferences

Answer 9

what am i inferring here that is unstated?

is it valid?

Question 10

What are the 2 types of thinking?

Answer 10

System 1

System 2

Question 11

What is system 1 of thinking?

Answer 11

fast, instinctive, emotional, unconscious

utilizes pattern recognition

Question 12

What is system 2 of thinking?

Answer 12

slow, deliberate, logical, conscious

discerns new pattern

Question 13

What are the 6 thinking errors?

Answer 13

Asking the wrong question

thinking too quickly

stereotypes

cognitive bias - halo effect

cognitive bias - belief perseverance

answering the wrong question - deflection

Question 14

Describe asking the wrong question

Answer 14

asking wrong questions or not asking right questions in the right way

Question 15

Describe Thinking Too Quickly

Answer 15

Ex is system 1 of thinking

Question 16

Describe Stereotypes

Answer 16

Result from not slowing down our thinking

end in snap judgements, over simplifications

prohibit critical thinking

Question 17

Describe Cog Bias - Halo Effect

Answer 17

interpreting a single trait or event to define an entire person or situation

Question 18

Describe Cog Bias - Belief Perseverance

Answer 18

Beliefs (cultural, personal, real, helpful, unhelpful) shape our interactions - we each have our own bias

human tendency to favor our own perspective, leads to “confirmation bias”

Question 19

Describe Answering the Wrong Question - Deflection

Answer 19

steers conversation away from initial intent

lack of focus for discussion makes critical thinking difficult