critical thinking Flashcards
critical thinking
essential to safe, competent, skillful nursing practice and leads to a good problem solving and decision making
T-H-I-N-K model
T-total recall (storage and retrieval system), H-habit (behavior patterns, repetition), I-inquiry (questioning), N-new ideas or creativity (nursing interventions), K-knowing how you think
Stages of critical thinking development
stage 1: thinking about right from wrong, stage 2: take knowledge apply to real situation, stage 3: knows of many variables affecting problems and many options for resolution
Importance of critical thinking in nursing
id problems (collect and interpret data), make good judgment (using knowledge from various fields), find options for solving problems (change in stressful environments), setting outcomes/goals, and solve patient problems
What is critical thinking?
Complex process, disciplined/self-directed, mastery of thinking skills/abilities, decisions/solutions set by standardized set of criteria…Professional judgment
Critical thinking in nursing is…
discipline specific, reflective, reasoning process that guides a nurse in generating, implementing, and evaluating approaches for dealing with client care and professional concerns (NLN definition)
Metacognition
involves thinking about ones thinking process
Critical analysis
application of set of questions to a particular situation to determine essential information
Socratic questioning
recognize and examine assumptions, look at multiple points of view, differentiate between truth and assumptions
Inductive reasoning
generalizations formed from a set of facts or observations. Specific example to generalized conclusion
Deductive reasoning
from generalization to specific conclusion. Conclusions not always valid
Creativity
find unique solutions to problem. Must have knowledge of principles that apply to situation
Characteristics of critical thinkers
independence of knowledge, fair-mindedness, insight into egocentricity, intellectual humility, integrity, intellectual courage, perseverance, confidence, and curiosity.
Universal intellectual standards
clarity, accuracy, relevance, logic, breadth, precision, significance, completeness, fairness, and depth
Self-efficacy
belief that you are capable of doing something
dualism
assumes there is one right answer for every question and best way is to memorize
relativism
knowledge is relevant
Thinking strategies
problem solving process, trail and error, intuition, research, and decision making
problem solving process
collect data, analyze, formulate solutions, implement action, and evaluate
trial and error
try different solutions and evaluate which one works best
intuition
hunch, instinct, sixth sense, need experience to develop
research
formalized, scientific process, analyze data and draw conclusions
decision making
weight the criteria, identify and analyze alternatives, select, implement, evaluate
Developing critical thinking skills
self-assessment, tolerance of new ideas, cultivate a thinking attitude, and create a support environment
self-assessment
know own attitudes, strengths, and weaknesses
tolerance of new ideas
open new viewpoints, ideas that contradict own beliefs
Cultivate a thinking attitude
attend conferences, read journals, discuss with colleagues
Create a support environment
open mind and examine all sides of issues
