Criteria used to name muscles and morphological forms

Question 1

Region

Answer 1

Cervical, thoracic, lumber, sacrum, caudal. e.g. multifidus cervicis is found in the neck

Question 2

Movement or Action

Answer 2

The flexor carpi radialis flexes the carpal joint

Question 3

Origin or insertion

Answer 3

Distal/proximal end. e.g. sternomandibular runs from the cartilage (manubrium) of the sternum to the ramus of the mandible

Question 4

Sections

Answer 4

Number of sections. e.g. triceps has three heads (lateral, medial, long)

Question 5

Direction

Answer 5

Direction of fibres. e.g. Obliquus cranialis et caudalis have fibres slanting at an oblique angle

Question 6

Location

Answer 6

e.g. muscles with the external or externus will be found on the external or outer surface

Question 7

Shape

Answer 7

e.g. teres minor (minor means round)

Question 8

Fusiform

Answer 8

Resembling a spindle

Question 9

Digastric

Answer 9

Lowers the jaw

Question 10

Tricipital

Answer 10

Has three tendons of origin and a single insertion

Question 11

Triangular

Answer 11

Resembling a triangle

Question 12

Unipennate

Answer 12

Fibres converge on only one side of a tendon

Question 13

Bipennate

Answer 13

Fibres converge toward a central tendon on both side

Question 14

Multipennate

Answer 14

Several tendons of origin and several tendons of insertion, in which fibres pass obliquely from a tendon or origin to a tendon of insertion on eachside