Criteria A Flashcards
Deficits in intellectual functioning - reasoning, problem-solving, planning, abstract thinking, learning, judgment
Deficits in adaptive functioning - failure in developmental and personal independence
Intellectual disability
- Deficit in social-emotional reciprocity- failure to initiate/respond to social interactions
- deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors- lack of eye contact, poor communication, lack of facial expressions/nonverbal communication
- Deficits in developing relationships- inability adjust to social context, make friends, lack of interest in peers
- restricted repetitive behaviors- insistence in sameness, fixated interests
Autism
- Fails to give close attention or makes careless mistakes
- Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
- Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
- Often does not follow through on instructions, fails to finish tasks
- difficulty organizing tasks and activities
- avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in task that require sustained mental effort
- loses things necessary for tasks or activities
- easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
- often forgetful in daily activities
ADHD - inattentive presentation
- often fidgets/taps hands squirms in seat
- Often leaves seat when remaining in seat is expected
- often runs about or climbs in situations where this is inappropriate
- often unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly
- Is often “on the go” acting as if driven by a motor
- often talks excessively
-often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed
-difficulty waiting turn
-interrupts and/or intrudes on others
ADHD - hyperactive/impulsive type
Difficulty learning and using academic skills
Academic skills are below expected for age and cause significant interference with academic performance/DLA
Not accounted for by intellectual disabilities or other mental/neurological disorders
Specific Learning Disorder
Two or more of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a one month period (at least one must be delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech)
1 - Delusions
2 - Hallucinations
3 - disorganized speech
4 - Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5 - negative symptoms
Criterion A for schizophrenia
Presence of 1 or more delusions
Criteria has not been met for Schizophrenia
psychosocial functioning is not markedly impaired Behavior is not odd
Delusional disorder
presence of delusions, hallucination or disorganized speech
eventual return to premorbid level of functioning
at least one day but less than one month
Brief Psychotic Disorder
At least two symptoms in Criterion A lasting more than 1 month but less than 6 months
Schizophreniform disorder
uninterrupted period of illness during which, at some time, there are concurrent symptoms of Schizophrenia and symptoms of a major depressive or manic episode with a period of at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms.
Schizoaffective disorder
Five or more of the following symptoms present during same 2-week period
- Depressed mood
- Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all or almost activities nearly every day
- significant body weight loss or weight gain, decrease or increase in appetite
- Insomnia or hypersomnia
- Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day
- Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt
- Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness
- recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation without plan or suicide attempt
Major Depressive disorder
severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally and/or behaviorally
persistently irritable or angry mood between temper outbursts
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Marked by a psychological stressor that leads to functioning impairment
Adjustment Disorder
exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence
Intrusions
Avoidance
Cognition/Mood
Arousal
lasting 3 days to 1 month
Acute Stress Disorder
INTRUSION - recurring memories; dreams; flashbacks/dissociation
AVOIDANCE - avoid reminders, thoughts
COGNITION/MOOD - unable to recall; negative beliefs of self; blame self/others; diminished interest; withdrawn; unable to experience positive emotions
AROUSAL - irritability; anger; self-destructive/reckless behavior; hypervigilance; startle response; poor concentration; sleep disturbance
PTSD if greater than one month from event
emotionally withdrawn toward caregiver: rarely seeks or responds to comfort when distressed
social/emotional disturbance: minimal response to others; limited positive affect; unexplained irritability, sadness or fearfulness with caregiver
insufficient care: social/emotional neglect, repeated changes in caregiver, rearing in institution
symptoms present at older than 9 months and younger than 5 years old
Reactive Attachment Disorder
- symptoms
preoccupation with 1 or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance- not observable/minor to others
Repetitive Behaviors: check mirror, excessive grooming, skin picking, reassurance seeking
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
authentic physical symptoms (ex. pain, fatigue, etc.), but no physical cause can be found for them. High levels of anxiety about health; think about the worst-case scenario when it comes to their health
somatic symptom disorder
preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness, a high level of anxiety about health, obsession about illness, medical exams are consistently benign
Illness anxiety
sudden dramatic loss of motor or sensory function with evidence of incompatibility between symptom and recognized neurological and medical conditions
Conversion disorder
Medical condition is present and affected by psychological/behavioral issues
Factors have altered the course of medical condition; interfere with treatment; increase health risks
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Fakes an illness for psychological gain
- not external reward
Factitious disorder
at least 1x/week over the course of at least 3 months
repeated episodes of out of control eating
eat in a discrete period of time, an amount of food larger than most would eat
lack of control over eating;
eating rapidly, until uncomfortably full, alone due to embarrassment, feeling disgusted w/ self
Binge Eating Disorder
binge eats and then uses variety of compensatory behaviors to limit weight gain
eat in a discrete period of time, an amount of food larger than most would eat
lack of control over eating
Bulimia Nervosa
obsessive preoccupation w/ body weight and food
low body weight; fear of gaining weight
peculiar handling of food
distorted body image; loss of menstrual period
Anorexia Nervosa
marked by patterned behavior that although defiant and negative, does NOT violate social norms as is the case with Conduct Disorder.
angry/irritable mood: loses temper; easily annoyed; angry/resentful
argumentative/defiant: argues with authority; refuse to comply w/ requests; deliberately annoys others; blames others for misbehavior
Vindictiveness: spiteful at least 2x w/in past 6 mos.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
pattern of behavior violating social norms and rights of others
aggression to people/animals; destruction of property; deceitfulness/theft; serious violations of rules
Conduct Disorder
failure to control aggressive impulses
verbal aggression; physical aggression towards property, animals, people(aggression does not result in damage or injury)
3 behavioral outbursts within 1 year involving damage/destruction/injury
outbursts are not premeditated - grossly out of proportion
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
feelings of disengagement from one’s environment, body, or social situation
Reality testing remains intact
No other mental disorder or medical condition
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
abnormal forgetting about autobiographical information usually of a traumatic or stressful nature that is inconsistent with normal forgetting
Dissociative Amnesia
extreme fear/anxiety about separation from attachment figures
persistent worry about harm to attachment figure; worry figure leaving and not coming back; nightmares about separation
reluctance to go to school/work; refuse to sleep away from home
complaints of physical symptoms
Separation Anxiety
continual fear of an object or situation; not linked with real danger
avoidance of the object or situation
Specific Phobia
fear/anxiety about social situation exposed to scrutiny by others
fear of being embarrassed, humiliated, or being judged by others
situations are avoided or endured with intense fear
Social Anxiety Disorder
abrupt surge of intense fear with symptoms of: pounding heart, chest pain, trembling, nausea, sweating, dizziness, dread, confusion, desire to flee - recurrent - unexpected
1 month of worrying about having another attack
change in behaviors to avoid having another attack
Panic Disorder
fear of using public transportation, open spaces, enclosed spaces, standing in line, being in a crowd, being outside of home alone
fear escape may be difficult or help not available in case of panic attack
Agoraphobia
Anxious all the time over diverse issues
muscle tension, irritability, sleep disturbance, restlessness, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, on edge
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
mistrust of others, actions of other’s are seen as malevolent w/o evidence
bears grudges; perceives attacks on character/reputation not seen by others; quick to react angrily
suspicion of infidelity w/o evidence
paranoid personality disorder
lacks desire for relationships, including family
chooses solitary activities; lacks interest in sexual experiences; pleasure in few activities
lacks close friends, indifferent to praise or criticism, emotional coldness, detachment, flat affect
Schizoid personality disorder
interprets minor events as highly personally significant, odd beliefs, magical thinking bizarre/eccentric behaviors, lack of close friends
suspiciousness/paranoia
social anxiety related to paranoia-not low self-esteem
Schizotypal personality disorder
3 or more:
pattern of disregard and violation of rights of others
breaking law, deceitfulness,
impulsivity/failure to plan ahead
irritability/aggressiveness
reckless disregard for safety self/others
irresponsibility-unable maintain work/meet financial obligations
lack of remorse
Antisocial personality disorder
5 or more:
Fear of abandonment
problems in relationship
unstable self-image/sense of self
impulsivity - sex, spending, drugs, reckless driving, binge eating
suicidal behavior
self-harm
unstable affect - dissatisfaction, irritability, anxiety
transient stress-related paranoia/dissociation
Borderline Personality Disorder
5 or more:
center of attention
inappropriate sexually seductive behavior
shallow expression of emotions
use physical appearance to get attention
speech lacks details
emotional expression is dramatic
easily influenced
sees relationships to be more intimate than actually are
Histrionic Personality disorder
5 or more:
grandiose
fantasies of unlimited success
believes being special/unique,
requires admiration
entitled
takes advantage of others
lacks empathy,
envious of others or believes others are envious of them
arrogant behaviors
Narcissistic Personality disorder
pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to criticism
AEB 4 or more:
avoids occupational activities-fear of criticism/disapproval;
preoccupied w/ being criticized/rejected
avoid interactions w/ people unless sure of being liked;
restraint w/ intimate relationships
view self as inferior/socially inept;
unusually reluctant to take personal risks- fear of embarrassment
avoidant personality disorder
Pervasive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior, fears of separation
AEB 5 or more:
-difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive advice from others
-needs others to assume responsibility in most major areas of life
-difficulty expressing disagreement with others fears loss of support/approval
-difficulty initiating projects or doing things on own
-excessive lengths to obtain nurturance/support from others
-uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of exaggerate fears of being unable to care for self
- urgently seeks another relationship when a close relationship ends
- unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left alone
Dependent personality disorder
Pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency
AEB 4 or more:
- preoccupation with details, rules, lists, orders, etc. to the point that the main objective of the activity is lost
- perfectionism that interferes with task completion
- excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships
- overconscientious, scrupulous and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values
- unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value
-reluctant to delegate tasks
- miserly spending style toward self or others
-rigidity and stubbornness
Obsessive Compulsive personality disorder
Persistent personality disorder that represents a change from the individual’s previous characteristic personality pattern
Evidence that it is the result consequence of a medical condition
Personality Change due to Medical Condition
unable to focus, reduced orientation of surrounding, general confusion, memory deficit, cognitive disturbance
short duration - hours or days
Delirium
